Fusarium equiseti is prevalent in soil and straw mulch in ginseng (Panax ginseng) fields in British Columbia and causes a reddish brown discolouration on ginseng roots. The pathogenicity of two isolates of F. equiseti from ginseng fields to other plant species belonging to different families was evaluated. Mycelial plugs and spore suspensions were used to inoculate seeds and roots in laboratory...

Jellyfish (Rhopilema esculentum) was hydrolyzed using alcalase, and two peptides with angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory and antioxidant activities were purified by ultrafiltration and consecutive chromatographic methods. The amino acid sequences of the two peptides were identified as VKP (342 Da) and VKCFR (651 Da) by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The IC50 val...

Many plants which are found commonly and are mentioned in texts of traditional Indian medicine have not been investigated thoroughly. It is necessary to conduct systematic evaluation, standardization, documentation and patenting of these plants. Oxystelma esculentum R. Br. (Family – Asclepiadaceae), commonly known as ‘Jaldudhi’, is one such plant which has not been studied sufficiently. It has ...

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a recurrent inflammatory bowel disease that imposes a severe burden on families and society. In recent years, exploiting the potential of marine bioactive peptides for treatment diseases has become topic intense research interest. This study revealed mechanism underlying protective effect dominant polypeptide PKKVV of Rhopilema es...

Photoperiod sensitivity is an important trait related to crop adaptation and ecological breeding in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench). Although photoperiod sensitivity in this species is thought to be controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTLs), no genes or regions related to photoperiod sensitivity had been identified until now. Here, we identified QTLs controlling photoperiod se...

1 Norms It is correct to believe that Steinbeck wrote East of Eden, incorrect to believe that Updike wrote Cannery Row. It is right to believe that tomatoes are a fruit, wrong to believe that apples are a vegetable. More generally, true beliefs are correct or right, false beliefs are incorrect or wrong. This suggests that a norm of truth governs the state or attitude of belief. Since it is wron...