introduction: delay in the diagnosis of tuberculosis increases the risk of death and enhances the transmission of disease in the community. this study aims to determine the patient and health service delay and factors affecting it in tuberculosis diagnosis. materials & methods: a cross-sectional survey that included all the public health centers was conducted in markazi province from march 2009...

In India, pulmonary tuberculosis accounts for 85% of cases and extrapulmonary tuberculosis accounts for 15% of cases with bone and joint involvement is seen in 1 to 3% of cases. Primary tuberculous osteomyelitis of the sternum is a rare form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. A 51-year-old male presented with 10 years history of swelling over the anterior chest wall and pain for past 6 months. Fin...

Background: Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health concern and burden on developing countries economy. Pakistan ranks in top 10 of the world with high load TB big chunk this disease process extra pulmonary (EPTB). Among sites, bone joint very common yet under reported. Recent literature has found up to 35% all cases are TB. Purpose: We aim do an analysis frequency our institut...

Lymphadenitis is the most common presentation of extra pulmonary tuberculosis, whereas gastrointestinal localization, particularly duodenal involvement, is rare. We report a case of extra pulmonary tuberculosis with association between cervical lymphadenitis and duodenitis with multiple ulcers, not responsive to treatment with protonic pump inhibitors, in a human immunodeficiency virus-seronega...

In 1994, a total of 2,074 people in Canada were diagnosed with tuberculosis, a rate of 7.1 cases per 100,000 population. The same year, tuberculosis and its late effects caused 150 deaths-just over one in every 1,400 deaths. Although tuberculosis is no longer a major health problem in Canada or a leading cause of death, some groups are particularly susceptible to the disease: Aboriginal people,...

Background: Tuberculosis is a global disease leading to cause death worldwide. The Revised National Control Programme (RNTCP), Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS), was launched reduce tuberculosis mortality, improve patient adherence treatment, and prevent the development of drug resistance. aim this study treatment outcome tuberculosis. an important indication control programme.&#x...

BACKGROUND Each follow-up during the course of tuberculosis treatment currently requires two sputum examinations. However, the incremental yield of the second sputum sample during follow-up of different types of tuberculosis patients has never been determined precisely. OBJECTIVES To assess the incremental yield of the second sputum sample in the follow-up of tuberculosis patients under the R...

The diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) remains a significant clinical difficulty, primarily because of the insufficient sensitivity of conventional bacteriologic methods for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis in extrapulmonary specimens. The PCR assays innovated in the developed countries are based on the genetic make-up of strains of Mycobacterial species circulating in those r...