Since the early 1990s, Cuba has experienced serious economic problems that resulted from the demise of the Soviet Union and the disappearance of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA), the economic and financial system in which the island was inserted. At end of the 1980s, some 81% of Cuba’s external commercial relations were with the member countries of the CMEA. In 1989, Cuba expor...

In view of the importance of the meat imports and the exports of meat in Iran, this study focuses on the status of the global market of meat imports the unit price test in these markets between the years 1961 and 2011 using the market cointegration approach. The results of this study are indicative of prices co-integration in the international market of meat as well as among such major importer...

The study was conducted to assess the discrepancies in statistical accounting of Russian exports and imports 50 partner countries terms trade relations for period from 2012 2019. work is based on data Federal Customs Service Russia, database International Monetary Fund “Direction Trade Statistics”, Eurostat “Intra-and Extra-EU Trade” CIS Statistical Committee. methods analysis were used: calcul...

THE basic question to which this paper is addressed is "What is the importance of distance in determining the pattern of Western European trade?" The importance of distance in the pattern of trade has, of course, always been recognized. The assumption of "no transport costs," which has always been necessary in expositions of theories of international trade, is a recognition of the fact that tra...

Abstract This study investigates whether manufactured exports contribute to economic growth and imports can augment the role of in fostering export diversification. In case latter, also examines which categories are most likely facilitate long run. particular, focuses on Kuwait over period 1970–2019 utilizes a Cobb–Douglas production function augmented with primary imports. The long-run relatio...

The brazilian trade balance depends on the export of commodities, especially soybeans, whose productivity is increased by maintaining nutrient levels in soil using fertilizers. analysis this product and goods necessary for its production relevant since occurrence global geopolitical, climatic health events with potential to impact soybean chain and, consequently, national economy. This article ...

Many studies conclude that the rise in global food prices due to higher demand from the development of biofuels, climate anomalies, and increased of oil prices. Not only the food commodity index rose more than 60 percent, nonfood commodity price index also rose over 60 percent and crude oil price index has increased even further above 60 percent. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impa...

This study examines the significant impact of exchange rate shock on prices of Malaysian importsand exports. In methodology, the study adopts vector error correction (VECM) model using monthlydata of nominal exchange rates, money supply, prices of imports and prices of exports covering theperiod of M1:1999 to M12:2006. For further analysis, we adopt an innovation accounting bysimulating varianc...