The exchange rate plays an essential role for firms which export goods and import raw materials. In this paper, the effects of real specific exchange rate fluctuations in imports, exports and aggregate trade on industry sector, chemical and transportation industries outputs in 49 OIC countries were investigated by using a panel data model over 1990-2014. Particularly, this paper presents eviden...

We use a sample of Italian manufacturing firms to study the relationship between productivity (proxied by Total Factor Productivity) and the intensity of firm participation in heterogeneous foreign markets (proxied by the ratio of exports to total sales, i.e., export intensity). We find that firm productivity is strongly negatively correlated with export intensity to low-income countries and un...

Until recently the Consumer Price Index consisted solely of “matched model” component indexes. The latter are constructed by BLS personnel who visit stores and compare prices of goods with the same set of characteristics over successive periods. This procedure is subject to a selection bias. Goods that were not on the shelves in the second period, and hence whose price comparisons were discarde...

The Medicare hospital prospective payment system (PPS), and limits on home health agency (HHA) and skilled nursing facility (SNF) costs, incorporate an inflation factor that reflects the percentage change in the price of a fixed quantity of goods and services purchased in order to furnish care. First adopted in 1979 in connection with the limits on hospital routine operating costs, these measur...

This paper studies a general equilibrium North-South economy consisting of two countries which produce and trade two goods using two inputs of production . It extends the North-South trade model of Chichilmsky (1981, 1986) by assuming that one input of production is a renewable resource which follows its own physical dynamics . From these dynamics and from optimal extraction behavior we derive ...

The good quality of imported goods as input production is needed to produce goods. This paper examines the impact reduced tariffs under FTA scheme on inputs in Indonesian Automotive Industry 2015-2019. Quality measured by unit value approach. Using data from Customs declaration documents, this captures products using Difference-in-Difference (DiD) method. result shows that reduction does not ha...

This paper explains the BEA methodology for computing historical cost and replacement cost measures of the net stock of capital in the U.S. economy. It is demonstrated that there exists a threshold rate of inflation in the price of capital goods that keeps the percentage difference between the two capital stock measures constant. Hence, over periods when average inflation in the price index for...