Extant research has highlighted the essentiality of grammatical metaphor (GM) as a linguistic resource in academic writing. Drawing on Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), this study investigated relationship between explicit instruction nominalisation one type GM and ESL learners’ mastery key resource. Adopting true experimental design, involved 38 Filipino professionals Singapore who needed...

This study explores the effect of explicit pronunciation instruction on enlarging listening vocabulary size. 115 learners English as a foreign language were recruited and received ten-week segments four skills (reduction, elision, intrusion assimilation). How was carried out described in details pre-test post-test form Listening Vocabulary Levels Test. It found that after instruction, learners’...

This study investigated the long-term effectiveness of explicit versus implicit instruction in a classroom setting. The participants were 114 Dutch secondary school students learning English as an L2; control group received and intervention meaning-based context for two academic years. Instructional effects measured via timed writing task. products groups compared terms holistic quality, comple...

Purpose of study: Aims to determine product development procedures and test validity so that it meets eligibility as teaching materials.
 Methodology: The research procedure is carried out through the steps developing a 4-D model, namely define, design, development, disperse using descriptive method. This study uses model limited stage (develop).
 Main Findings: results this indicate ...

This study examined the effect of explicit instruction of hedging on English forSpecific Academic Purposes (ESAP) reading comprehension performance ofEnglish Language Learning (ELL) university students. A reading comprehensiontest was developed and validated as the pretest and the posttest. The test, includingitems for assessing the comprehension of the students in their area of specialization,...

Code Compression has been shown to be efficient in minimizing the memory requirements for embedded systems as well as in power consumption reduction and performance improvement. In this paper we devise a code compression method, the IBC-EI (Instruction Based Compression with Encryption and Integrity checking), tailored to provide integrity checking and encryption to secure processor-memory tran...

This study attempted to investigate the impact of teacher’s code-switching on the acquisition of a problematic grammatical structure, namely, object relative clauses, by intermediate EFL learners. Moreover, a secondary objective of the study was to determine the EFL learners’ attitudes and opinions regarding the effectiveness of teacher’s code-switching in their learning of a specific aspect of...

This paper is concerned with the problem of characterizing those functions of minimum LP-norm on their nth derivative, <=p=<, that sequentially take on the given values (ei). For p = the unique minimizing function is characterized. For p < fairly explicit necessary conditions are given.