OBJECTIVE To investigate the agreement among clinical experts in their judgments of monitoring data with respect to artifacts, and to examine the effect of reference standards that consist of individual and joint expert judgments on the performance of artifact filters. DESIGN Individual judgments of four physicians, a majority vote judgment, and a consensus judgment were obtained for 30 time ...

Besides game-based learning, gamification is an upcoming trend in education, studied in various empirical studies and found in many major learning management systems. Employing a newly developed qualitative instrument for assessing gamification in a system, we studied five popular LMS for their specific implementations. The instrument enabled experts to extract affordances for gamification in t...

Selection of appropriate supplier(s) for success of an organization is particularly a valuable necessity, hence apart from the common criteria such as logistics, service and quality, this paper discusses most of the key decision variables which can play a critical role in case of the supplier selection. In this study, analytic network process (ANP) method is used because it considers the relati...

case law and doctrine are, no¬ doubt, of immune importance and impact in developing law in every country, especially where they complete each other. yet, in iran they are often not used as a complement to each other particularly in the field of copyright. this paper seeks to connect these two. to this end, it will review judgments given by the ahwaz ordinary public court and the appeal court of...

In Multi-criteria Decision Making (MCDM) problems dealing with qualitative criteria and uncertain information the use of linguistic values is suitable for the experts in order to express their judgments. It is common that the group of experts involved in such problems have different degrees of knowledge about the criteria, so we propose a multi-granular linguistic framework such that each exper...