Measurement of misfit at the implant-prosthesis interface is a difficult procedure. One factor common to all methods that attempt to measure 3-dimensional distortion to the micron level is the difficulty in providing verifiably consistent reference points between individual measurement sets. Consequently, the majority of studies use a relative distortion model in which the coordinate reference ...

BACKGROUND Patients at higher than average risk of heritable cancer may process risk information differently than the general population. However, little is known about clinical, demographic, or psychosocial predictors that may impact risk perception in these groups. The objective of this study was to characterize factors associated with perceived risk of developing cancer in groups at high ris...

The problem is sequence prediction in the following setting. A sequence x1, . . . , xn, . . . of discrete-valued observations is generated according to some unknown probabilistic law (measure) μ. After observing each outcome, it is required to give the conditional probabilities of the next observation. The measure μ belongs to an arbitrary class C of stochastic processes. We are interested in p...

A series of monte carlo studies were performed to as­ sess the extent to which different inference procedures robustly output reasonable belief values in the context of increasing levels of judgmental imprecision. It was found that, when com­ pared to an equal-weights linear model, the Bayesian procedures are more likely to deduce strong support for a hypothesis. But, the Bayesian procedures ar...

Randomised allocation of vaccine or placebo is the preferred method to assess the effects of the vaccine on clinical outcomes relevant to the individual patient. In the absence of phase 3 trials using clinical end points, notably post-influenza complications, alternative non-experimental designs to evaluate vaccine effects or safety are often used. The application of these designs may, however,...

We formulate the problem of tracking principal subspaces as a problem in nonlinear ltering. The subspaces are represented by their complex projection-matrices, and moving subspaces correspond to trajectories on the Grassmann man-ifold. Taking a Bayesian approach, we impose a smoothness prior on the subspace rotation. Combining ideas from importance sampling and sequential methods, we apply a re...

Rainfall-induced shallow landslides are one of the most frequent hazards on slanted terrains. Intense storms with high-intensity and long-duration rainfall have high potential to trigger rapidly moving soil masses due to changes in pore water pressure and seepage forces. Nevertheless, regardless of the intensity and/or duration of the rainfall, shallow landslides are influenced by antecedent so...

A methodology for estimating the force distribution that occurs along a needle shaft during insertion is described. An experimental system for measuring planar tissue phantom deformation during needle insertions has been developed and is presented. A two-dimensional linear elastostatic material model, discretised using the finite element method, is used to derive contact force information that ...

We consider the EFO fragment of simple type theory, which restricts quantification and equality to base types but retains lambda abstractions and higher-order variables. We show that this fragment enjoys the characteristic properties of first-order logic: complete proof systems, compactness, and countable models. We obtain these results with an analytic tableau system and a concomitant model ex...