Objectives: Paper and pencil exercises are extensively used to enhance children’s visual perceptual skills, while exercises involving volumetric shapes have been neglected. The present study aimed to develop a combined training package, including volumetric shapes and paper and pencil exercises, and to investigate its effectiveness in strengthening the visual perceptual skills of preschool chil...

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In this chapter we draw connections between two seemingly opposing approaches to probability and statistics: evidential probability on the one hand and objective Bayesian epistemology on the other.

The degree of empirical support of a priori plausible structures on the cointegration vectors has a central role in the analysis of cointegration. Historically, this question has been answered by classical testing of over-identifying restrictions on the cointegration space. This paper introduces an exact finite sample Bayesian procedure to calculate the posterior probability of restrictions on ...

In this paper joint mean and variance beta regression models are proposed. The proposed models are fitted applying Bayesian methodology and assuming normal prior distribution for the regression parameters. An analysis of structural and real data is included, assuming the proposed model, together with a comparison of the result obtained assuming joint modeling of the mean and precision parameters.

A key step in “Designing for the Consequences of Hazard” is choosing which hazards to design for. This paper argues that the Bayesian perspective is the rational and prudent framework.

conclusions even though the osgt is an effective technique for inculcating an optimistic attribution style in delinquent boys, this important method needs to be continually implemented in their education. results the results showed that the osgt changed the attributional styles of delinquent boys from pessimistic to optimistic. also, the follow up study showed that the effect on the delinquent ...

Objectives: Alzheimer's is the most prevalent cognitive disturbance, with a high spread among the elderly. The current research aims to investigate the impact of cognitive rehabilitation on the memory improvement of Alzheimer's disease patients. Methods: The current research used a semi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test designs. The statistical population in Baghdad in 2021 inclu...

A Confounder is a variable whose presence affects the variables being studied so that the results do not reflect the actual relationship. There are various ways to exclude or control confounding variables including Randomization, Restriction and Matching. But all these methods are applicable at the time of study design. When experimental designs are premature, impractical, or impossible, resear...

Although common in the educational and developmental areas, multilevel models are not often utilized in the analysis of data from experimental designs. This article illustrates how multilevel models can be useful with two examples from experimental designs with repeated measurements not involving time. One example demonstrates how to properly examine independent variables for experimental stimu...