Title of Dissertation: EXAMINING THE RELATION BETWEEN STUDENT EXPECTANCY-VALUE MOTIVATION, ACHIEVEMENT IN MIDDLE-SCHOOL PHYSICAL EDUCATION, AND AFTER-SCHOOL PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PARTICIPATION Xihe Zhu, Doctor of Philosophy, 2009 Directed by: Professor Ang Chen Department of Kinesiology School of Public Health The expectancy-value theory (Eccles et al., 1983) explains that student motivation is pri...

The relationship between the amplitude of P300, the mean amplitude of the Slow Wave, and uncertainty reduction after (dis)confirmation of hypotheses was studied in a Concept-Identification task. The subjects had to categorize stimuli according to a conceptual mIe (joint denial or exclusion) and to rate the confidence that their classification was correct. Three types of feedback were distinguis...

Cognitive and developmental approaches have made great strides in describing and predicting alcohol consumption by youth. The present review examines several theories of decision making with regard to alcohol consumption, including subjective expected utility (SEU) theory, the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior, and alcohol-related outcome expectancy theory. In addition, the devel...

Life Expectancy and Economic Growth: The Role of the Demographic Transition In this paper we investigate the causal effect of life expectancy on economic growth by explicitly accounting for the role of the demographic transition. In addition to focusing on issues of empirical identification, this paper emphasizes the role of the econometric specification. We present a simple theory of the econo...

Abstract Research has shown that while the authenticity of positive emotional displays plays an important role in service encounters, it not yet demonstrated a universally effect on customers’ behavior. This study, which is first to present customer involvement as contextual factor influences processing, provides deeper understanding effectiveness displays. The model based expectation disconfir...

Individuals use semantic expectancy - applying conceptual and linguistic knowledge to speech input - to improve the accuracy and speed of language comprehension. This study tested how adults use semantic expectancy in quiet and in the presence of speech-shaped broadband noise at -7 and -12 dB signal-to-noise ratio. Twenty-four adults (22.1 ± 3.6 years, mean ±SD) were tested on a four-alternativ...

Based on Chesterman's theory of translation norms, this research analyses the Database of Imported Drugs (DID) of State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA) to explore the expectancy norms in E-C translation of trade names of drugs. It is found that there are four expectancy norms in E-C translations of trade names of drugs: mental expectancy norms, cultural tradition norms, translation traditio...

Expectancy-value theory emphasizes the importance of outcome expectancies for behavioral decisions, but most tests of the theory focus on a single behavior and a single expectancy. However, the matching law suggests that individuals consider expected outcomes for both the target behavior and alternative behaviors when making decisions. In this study, we expanded expectancy-value theory to evalu...

Human capital theory predicts that life expectancy will impact human capital attainment. We estimate this relationship using variation in life expectancy driven by Huntington disease, an inherited neurological disorder. We compare investments for individuals who have ex-ante identical risks of HD but differ in disease realization. Individuals with the HD mutation complete less education and job...

The main paradigm that marks the literature dedicated to consumer’s satisfaction is the Expectation Disconfirmation Paradigm. A lot of theories explaining the nature and the development of consumer’s satisfaction from various perspectives fall under the umbrella of this paradigm.