BackgroundLeucine is an essential amino acid and a potent stimulator of muscle protein synthesis. Since wasting major risk factor for mortality in kidney transplant recipients (KTR), dietary leucine intake might be linked to long-term mortality. Urinary 3-hydroxyisovaleryl carnitine (3-HIC) excretion, functional marker marginal biotin deficiency, may also serve as intake.ObjectiveIn this study ...

background and objective: to assess the effectiveness and safety of oral amiloride for the treatment of edema in pediatric patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. methods: a randomized trial of amiloride vs hydrochlorthiazide was done in 34 patients. the mean age was 4.3±0.7 years old. after a 2 week washout of diuretic therapy, nephrotic children with edema were randomized into two groups...

BACKGROUND Measuring the 24-hour urine protein ≥300 mg is the standard threshold value for diagnosis of preeclampsia. OBJECTIVE This study was intended to determine if a patient's 4-hour urine protein correlate with the 24-hour value for diagnosis of preeclampsia. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a cross sectional study performed on 84 women with suspected preeclampsia due to positive urinary...

The objective was to study the impact of birth weight on the relationship between ambulatory blood pressure and urinary sodium excretion in children and adolescents. The study included 134 healthy children (61 boys), all Caucasians, who were born at term after a normotensive pregnancy. For each subject, a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and a complete urine collection were simultan...

BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease in the Western world. Early and accurate identification of DKD offers the best chance of slowing the progression of kidney disease. An important method for evaluating risk of progressive DKD is abnormal albumin excretion rate (AER). Due to the high variability in AER, most guidelines recommend the use of mo...

To estimate the frequency of remission/regression of microalbuminuria and to identify factors affecting such outcomes in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes, we observed 216 patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria enrolled during an initial 2-year evaluation period for the next 6 years. Remission was defined as shift to normoalbuminuria and regression as a 50% reduction in urinary...

PURPOSE To determine whether response of albumin excretion rate to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors has a threshold in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria and to examine treatment effect according to covariates. DATA SOURCES Studies were identified by searching MEDLINE and related bibliographies. STUDY SELECTION Selected studies included at least 10 nor...

The urinary excretion of kallikrein, a renal enzyme that cleaves the potent vasodilator kinin, kallidin, from kininogen, was measured in normal volunteers by three different assays, one of which was a bioassay. When sodium intake was changed from ad libitum or 109 mEq/day to 9 mEq/day, daily kallikrein excretion increased progressively in every subject to a mean maximal value that was 271% of c...

BACKGROUND Limited data is available on sodium (Na) and potassium (K) intake in young children estimated by 24 hour (24h) excretion in urine. The aim was to assess 24h urinary excretion of Na and K in six-year-old children and its relationship with diet quality. METHODS The study population was a subsample of a national dietary survey, including six-year-old children living in the greater Rey...