Introduction Human excreta contain plant nutrients and have traditionally been used for crop fertilisation in many countries. In Japan the recycling of urine and faeces was introduced in the 12 Century and in China human and animal excreta have been composted for thousands of years. Urine is the fraction that contains the major part of the nutrients in domestic wastewater, approximately 80% of ...

 The prevalence of cerebral meningitis caused by Cryptococcus neoformans in HIV-infected patients in Eastern Thailand is high. However, little is known about the occurrence of this pathogenic yeast in the environment of this region.  The aim of our study was to characterize the prevalence of C. neoformans, its serotypes and antifungal drug susceptibilities in environmental isolates from Chon Bu...

In clinical studies of the metabolic behavior of radioactively labeled proteins, the turnover (biological half-life or degradation rate) is usually determined from serum (or plasma) concentration curves which entail multiple blood sampling. The amounts of retained isotope are customarily inferred (by difference) from the analyses of excreta obtained from complete 24-hour samples collected for a...

Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeast that can cause cryptococcosis, a life-threatening infection that mainly occurs in immunocompromised patients. The major environmental sources of C. neoformans have been shown to be soil contaminated with avian droppings. In the present study, we evaluated the isolation of C. neoformans from swallow (Hirundo rustica) excreta in two northern cities...

The increasing threat of arboviruses such as West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu (USUV) requires the fast efficient surveillance these viruses. examination mosquitoes takes up an important part; however, investigations are usually very time-consuming. An alternative sample type for arbovirus might be mosquito excreta. In order to determine excretion dynamics under laboratory conditions, colonies Ae...