This paper investigates the empirical evidence on the link between foreign direct investment and trade (export and import) in Turkey over the period from 1992:01 to 2008:04 by using the minimum LM unit root test for stationarity; Granger and Dolado-Lüthkepohl tests for causality. The test results based on the bi-variate VAR model indicate that there is no evidence of causality between foreign d...

 Libya experienced a substantial increase in oil revenue as a result of increased oil prices during the period of the late 1970s and early 1980s, and again after 2000. Recent increases in oil production and the price of oil, and their positive and negative macroeconomic impacts upon key macroeconomic variables, are of considerable contemporary importance to an oil dependent economy such as that...

This paper uses the economic policy uncertainty and total import volume of 20 countries including United States China European Union from 2007 to 2021 related data, a fixed-effect model study impact on trade. The results show that internal significantly inhibits trade, while global has no significant Maintaining good international relations with other avoiding trade frictions is Sensible way pr...

The application of the generalized gravity model in analyzing the Bangladesh’s trade reveals that Bangladesh’s trade is positively determined by the size of the economies, per capita GNP differential of the countries involved and openness of the trading countries. Bangladesh’s exports are positively determined by the exchange rate, partner countries’ total import demand and openness of the Bang...

The impact of changes in exchange rate on inflation is an issue of extreme importance for nations with a history of high inflation. While there have been significant studies on industrial and advanced economies, little analysis has been conducted on smaller economies that are open to trade and financial relationships. This paper estimates exchange rate pass-through (ERPT) into CPI and import pr...

This study evaluates the global competitiveness of Pakistan's fruit exports for period 2003-2019. The comparative advantage and Pakistan are examined by employing revealed (RCA), symmetric advantage' (RSCA), relative import (RMA), trade (RTA), Trade Balance Index (TBI) Revealed Competitiveness (RC). empirical findings illustrate that had a competitive in during under consideration. indicates th...