The inclusion of latent frailties in survival models can serve two purposes: (1) the modelling of dependence in clustered data, (2) explaining lack of fit of univariate survival models, like deviation from the proportional hazards assumption. Multi-state models are somewhere between univariate data and clustered data. Frailty models can help in understanding the dependence in sequential transit...

In the last decades extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as key players for intercellular communication. In the case of inflammation, several studies have reported that EV levels are increased in circulation during inflammatory episodes. Based on this, we investigated whether aging results in elevated EV number, as a basal proinflammatory status termed "inflammaging" has been described in ...

For multivariate failure time data, we propose a new class of shared gamma frailty models by imposing the Box-Cox transformation on the hazard function, and the product of the baseline hazard and the frailty. This novel class of models allows for a very broad range of shapes and relationships between the hazard and baseline hazard functions. It includes the well-known Cox gamma frailty model an...

In the analysis of lifetime data, heterogeneity may be present in many situations. This heterogeneity is also referred to as frailty. Analysis that ignore frailty when it is present leads to incorrect inferences. In lifetime analysis, Cox proportional hazards model is commonly used to measure the effects of covariates. The covariates may fail to fully account for the true differences in risk. T...

AIMS Recurrent hospitalizations are a major part of the disease burden in heart failure (HF), but conventional analyses consider only the first event. We compared the effect of sacubitril/valsartan vs. enalapril on recurrent events, incorporating all HF hospitalizations and cardiovascular (CV) deaths in PARADIGM-HF, using a variety of statistical approaches advocated for this type of analysis. ...

Recurrent event analyses have found a wide range of applications in biomedicine, public health, and engineering, among others, where study subjects may experience sequence interest during follow-up. The R package reReg offers comprehensive collection practical easy-to-use tools for regression analysis recurrent events, possibly with the presence an informative terminal event. framework is gener...

In the context of an ageing population and rising health care expenditures, frailty emerges as an interesting notion regarding the consequences of ageing for both health professionals and regulatory policies. It is defi ned as a decrease in the resistance of the person dealing with stress, which increases her vulnerability and exposes her to the risk of adverse health outcomes, such as falls, a...

As the manufacturing process level of semiconductor devices continues to improve, device size gradually decreases, and are affected by single event effect more severely. In this paper, physical particle incident N-channel Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (NMOSFET) is simulated. By changing incidence position, angle, LET value, temperature, transient current variation with time ...

BACKGROUND In the last few years several indices and tools, aimed at identifying frail subjects in various care settings have been developed. However, to date none of them has been incorporated into usual practice in the primary care setting. The purposes of this study are: 1) to evaluate the predictive capacity of the Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI), the Gérontopôle Frailty Screening Tool (GFS...