background: cigarette smoking is one of the most important health‑related risk factors in terms of morbidity and mortality. in this study, we introduced a new method for deriving the transitional probabilities of smoking stages from a cross‑sectional study and simulated a long‑term smoking behavior for adolescents. methods: in this study in 2010, a total of 4853 high school students were random...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa microsoftinternetexplorer4 background: urban living and transition of illnesses, today has led hygienic centers for dedicating services to serious challenge management of an outpatient center is very difficult. worse is that the patient advice and service time is much less than waiting time. many people to avoid long waiting go to private treatment ...

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a total of 38, 300 traffic collisions have occurred in tehran, the capital of iran, during 1973. 5, 655 of these collisions in 6, 700 injuries and 560 deaths are selected and discussed. there has been no difference between the accident rates in working and holidays. winter has had the lowest rate, and accidents have been in direct relationship with the crowdedness and heavy traffic periods. nin...

background: controversy persists over the potential benefits/harms of opium consumption in coronary heart disease. this study investigated the association between 12 months' major adverse cardiac events (mace) and pre-procedural opium consumption among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (pci). methods: retrospectively, 1545 consecutive men who underwent pci between 21 st   j...

objectives : schizophrenia patients often experience relapses once and even more with no limit on number of relapses. the time among relapses are rarely considered in studies. the aim of this study was to identify some risk factors of time to elapses in schizophrenic patients with recurrent events model in survival analysis. methods : in a retrospective longitudinal study, the medical records o...

errors prevention and patient safety in transfusion medicine are a serious concern. errors can occur at any step in transfusion and evaluation of their root causes can be helpful for preventive measures. root cause analysis as a structured and systematic approach can be used for identification of underlying causes of adverse events. to specify system vulnerabilities and illustrate the potential...

exposure to traumatic events is common in children and adolescent. post traumatic stress disorder (ptsd) is an emotional reaction to traumatic events, which is increasingly recognized to be a prevalent and disabling disorder. the aim of this study is to determine the distribution of normative life events which predicts ptsd in youth who referred to an outpatient clinic in rasht, iran. this stud...

a b s t r a c t introduction: in an oddball experiment, the context in which novel stimuli are presented affects characteristics of novelty p3, i.e. as long as there is a difficult task in which the difference between standard and target stimuli is small, recurrent presentation of a highly discrepant stimulus can lead to p300 highly similar to novelty p3. effect of stimulus properties on p300 h...