We compared methods of determination of 17α-ethinyloestradiol (EE2) in surface water in Kielce, Poland. EE2 plays a role as a contraception agent and it is commonly used as an active agent in contraception pills. During studies three methods of EE2 determination were checked: TLC, HPLC, and ELISA assay. Samples of contaminated water were taken from eight points on four rivers crossing Kielce ci...

1. Ezetimibe potently inhibits the transport of cholesterol across the intestinal wall, thereby reducing plasma cholesterol in preclinical animal models of hypercholesterolemia. The effect of ezetimibe on known absorptive processes was determined in the present studies. 2. Experiments were conducted in the hamster and/or rat to determine whether ezetimibe would affect the absorption of molecule...

BACKGROUND Oral contraceptives are still associated with high discontinuation rates, despite their efficacy. There is a wide choice of oral contraceptives available, and the aim of this study was to assess continuation rates, bleeding profile acceptability, and the satisfaction of women in the first year of using a contraceptive pill containing estradiol valerate and dienogest (E2V/DNG) versus ...

After once-daily oral dosing in ovariectomized rats, raloxifene (LY139481) hydrochloride produced dose- and time-dependent reductions in serum cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. Paired-feeding studies demonstrated that effects of raloxifene on serum lipids were not secondary to effects on food consumption. Maximal reductions in serum cholesterol occurred within 4 days of ralo...

An increasing diversity of emerging contaminants are entering urban surface water and wastewater, posing unknown risks for the environment. One of the main contemporary challenges in ensuring water quality is to design efficient strategies for minimizing such risks. As a first step in such strategies, it is important to establish the fate and degradation behavior of contaminants prior to any en...

This work explores the relationships between a user's choice of a given contraceptive option and the load of steroidal estrogens that can be associated with that choice. Family planning data for the USA served as a basis for the analysis. The results showed that collectively the use of contraception in the USA conservatively averts the release of approximately 4.8 tonnes of estradiol equivalent...

OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of oral contraceptives (OCPs) and metformin on atherogenic markers, including serum levels of advanced glycated end products (AGEs) and C-reactive protein (CRP), in lean women (Body Mass Index below 25 kg/m(2)) with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), defined by NIH criteria. DESIGN Prospective open-label study. RESULTS One hundred and twenty women with PCOS w...