The effect of lipid transfer proteins on the exchange and transfer of cholesteryl esters from rat plasma HDL2 to human very low (VLDL) and low density (LDL) lipoprotein populations was studied. The use of a combination of radiochemical and chemical methods allowed separate assessment of [3H]cholesteryl ester exchange and of cholesteryl ester transfer. VLDL-I was the preferred acceptor for trans...

The diacylglycerol signaling pathway, involving protein kinase C (PKC) and RasGRP, is a promising therapeutic target for both cancer and other indications. The phorbol esters, ultrapotent diacylglycerol analogues, bind to and activate PKC and RasGRP. Here, using fluorescent phorbol esters and complementary fluorescent PKC and RasGRP constructs, we determined the localization of the phorbol este...

The formation of N-methylpyridinium salts in the solvothermal synthesis of molybdenum(V) complexes with oxalate in methanol in the presence of pyridine was investigated. It was found that dimethyl oxalate is formed first, which can thereupon alkylate pyridine. Pyridine reacts with a variety of esters, forming N-alkylpyridinium salts. Most reactive in this respect are sulfonates, whereas among c...

Reported is a study evaluating the potential of esterified tannins as plastic additives in poly(lactic acid) (PLA). Tannin esterification using anhydrides was investigated as a route to synthesize tannin esters possessing varying ester chain length and degree of substitution (DS). Esterification decreased the tannin UV absorbance, predominately in the UVB region. However, tannin materials with ...

Volatile esters contribute important floral and fruity sensory properties to wine. Numerous factors influence the biosynthesis and hydrolysis of esters throughout yeast fermentation; however, methods to monitor the dynamic changes in ester production that occur during winemaking processes are limited. In this study, we showed that solid phase microextraction (SPME), a rapid, solventless samplin...

Leishmania amastigotes parasitize almost exclusively the mononuclear phagocytes of mammals. The organisms survive and multiply within acidified vacuoles (parasitophorous vacuoles; p.v.) akin to phagolysosomes. Certain amino acid esters are known to accumulate in and disrupt lysosomes. We postulated that, since Leishmania possess lysosome-like organelles, they may be susceptible to the potential...

A new UV-spectrophotometric method for determining the concentration of benzyl fragments in heparin esters is proposed. The was validated linearity, accuracy, and precision terms repeatability intralaboratory reproducibility. intended to characterize esters, which are intermediates synthesis low-molecular-weight via hydrolytic depolymerization high-molecular-weight heparin.

Phthalic acid esters are presently being used in amounts and products that can easily, although inadvertently, contribute to environmental pollution. As plasticizers, phthalic acid esters are added to synthetic plastic resins to impart flexibility to the finished product, improve workability during fabrication, and extend or modify properties not present in the original resins (1). Plastic form...

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is a microsomal rate-limiting enzyme in the cellular synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), mainly oleate (18:1) and palmitoleate (16:1), which are the major MUFA of membrane phospholipids, cholesterol esters and triglycerides. Three well-characterized isoforms of SCD, SCD1, SCD2 and SCD3, exist in mice. To investigate the physiologic functions of SCD1, w...

Reaction of the sulfuric acid ester of /V-hydroxy-4acetylaminobiphenyl and of the acetic acid esters of /V-hydroxy-4-acetylaminobiphenyl, /V-hydroxy-4-acetylaminostilbene, and /V-hydroxy-2-acetylaminophenanthrene with transforming DNA of Bacillus subtilis in vitro caused both inactivation of transforming activity and the induction of mutations. The parent amides, amines, /V-hydroxy amides, and ...