The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of living in Saudi Arabia on expatriate employees and their families' behavioural cardiovascular risk factors (BCVRFs), and to examine the association between changes in BCVRFs and metabolic syndrome (MetS). A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1437 individuals, aged ≥ 18 years, from King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. We used the Worl...

Tobacco use is increasing among young people, especially in Gulf nations such as Saudi Arabia. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence and behavioural patterns of tobacco use among undergraduate students at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during the academic year 2008/09 and investigate factors that influenced their tobacco use. A cross-sectional study was done o...

OBJECTIVE The risk of transmitting hepatitis B virus from donors who are positive for hepatitis B core antibody but negative for hepatitis B surface antigen has been a major concern in liver transplantation. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia the overall prevalence of hepatitis B core antibody among the general population was reported to be very high indeed. The purpose of this study is to establis...

Background: Early nutritional support in critical illness is important. There exists a debate about whether and when to initiate enteral nutrition as opposed to feeding parenterally. In addition to other indicators, nonspecific indicators such as bowel sound are used in the decision, but there is little evidence to show the value of bowel sound. Methods: Feeding intolerance was assessed and cor...

In recent years, there has been a major change in the presentation of the Cancer of the Prostate gland (CaP) in the industrially developed countries. Currently, in those countries CaP patients present in a new early preclinical stage designated only recently in 1992 as stage T1c. The two main factors behind this change are: the advent of Prostatic Specific Antigen (PSA) and the increased prospe...

BACKGROUND The sandfly Phlebotomus papatasi is the vector of Leishmania major, the main causative agent of Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Saudi Arabia. Sandflies inject saliva while feeding and the salivary protein PpSP32 was previously shown to be a biomarker for bite exposure. Here we used recombinant PpSP32 to evaluate human exposure to Ph. papatasi bites, and study the associatio...

In December, 2015, Saudi Arabia reported a US$98 billion budget deficit (about 15% of gross domestic product [GDP]) in 2015 with no improvement projected for 2016. Saudi Arabia has been resilient during oil price fluctuations in the past, so the new government budget came as a surprise. The new spending plan reflects several measures to curb subsidies, raise revenue, and improve healthy lifesty...

From the Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, National Guard Hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Address correspondence to: Dr. Mohammed Y. Hasosah, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, King Saud Bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Sciences, National Guard Health Affairs, PO Box 8202, Jeddah 21482, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Tel/Fax. +966 (2) 624000...

Here we report the first full-length genome sequence of dengue virus serotype 3 (DENV-3) from a strain isolated from a patient in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, in 2014. The genome consists of 10 635 bp and shows close similarity to circulating genotype III isolates from Singapore, suggesting possible importation, most probably during religious pilgrimages to Saudi Arabia.

86 Byzantine Fault-Tolerant Architecture in Cloud Data Management; Mohammed A. AlZain, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia Alice S. Li, La Trobe Business School, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia Ben Soh, School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia Mehedi Masud, College of Computers and Informa...