Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for the treatment of esophageal mucosal lesions is associated with a risk of esophageal stenosis, especially for near-circumferential or circumferential esophageal mucosal defects. Here, we review historic and modern studies on the prevention and treatment of esophageal stenosis after ESD. These methods include prevention via pharmacological treatment, end...

Esophageal fistula is a rare but devastating complication that may occur after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation.1 The mechanism of esophageal injury is not known. Potential mechanisms for injury include direct thermal injury and ischemic injury from damage to the esophageal blood supply. Current ablation strategies use various methods to avoid esophageal injury. We describe an unusual m...

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma are cancers of high mortality. EAC develops through Barrett's esophagus (BE) and columnar dysplasia, preceded by gastro-esophageal reflux disease. The risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is increased by smoking and alcohol consumption. New treatment options for esophageal cancer are desperately needed. Toll-like receptors (...

BACKGROUND While esophageal fistula formation in the adjacent organs is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, the management of non-aortic arterio-esophageal fistula has not been frequently reported. CASE PRESENTATION A 69-year-old Japanese man who had undergone definitive chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer was admitted to our hospital with hematemesis. He was diagnosed ...

Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common malignant tumor in the world and is a common cause of tumor-related death. The development of esophageal cancer is a complex process involving many pathogenetic factors, multiple stages and accumulation of multiple gene mutations and interactions. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) on the proliferation, ...

The risk of the future development of primary esophageal cancer after endoscopic esophageal mucosal resection of esophageal cancer is not known; hence, there are no established guidelines for follow-up surveillance programs. Simultaneous occurrence of multiple cancers associated with esophageal cancer is common among heavy drinkers who have the inactive form of aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) ...

BACKGROUND The upper esophageal sphincter is composed of striated muscle. The stress of intubation and the need to inhibit dry swallows during an esophageal manometry test may lead to variations in basal pressure of this sphincter. Upper esophageal sphincter is usually only studied at the final part of the test. Was observed during the performance of high resolution manometry that sphincter pre...

Background: Malignant airway-esophageal fistulas are a serious complication of advance esophageal or lung cancers. Aims: To assess the quality of life pre and post stent insertion and to examine the role of treatment and location of AEF as factors influencing survival in patients with AEF managed with airway and/or esophageal stent insertion Methods: 112 patients with airway–esophageal fistula ...

commonly diagnosed esophageal disorder in horses and is often caused by impaction with feed or bedding material.1–3 Although resolution of esophageal impaction is most often achieved conservatively, internal esophageal trauma can cause considerable damage and ulceration of the mucosa.2 Spontaneous healing of mucosal defects with conservative management consisting of administration of antibiotic...

CONTEXT Although endoscopic esophageal variceal sclerotherapy has been largely supplanted by variceal band ligation, it is still performed routinely in many institutions, especially in developing countries. Intramural esophageal hematoma has been described as a rare complication of sclerotherapy. Risk factors have not been completely established. OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the incidence of post...