Narceine methyl ester and narceine are potent alkaloids which were isolated from Corydalis longipes were found effective in vitro at very low concentration, i.e., 100~500 ppm against spore germination of some test plant pathogenic fungi (Alternaria solani, A. tagetica, Cercospora abelmoschi, Curvularia maculans, Erysiphe cichoracearum, E. pisi, Fusarium udum, Helminthosporium oryzae, H. pennise...

Chloroplasts isolated from powdery mildew-infected (Erysiphe polygoni DC) sugar beet leaves (Beta vulgaris L) showed a reduction in the rate of electron transport and in the accompanying ATP formation in noncyclic photophosphorylation (water as electron donor, NADP as electron acceptor) and little or no change in the rate of ATP formation in cyclic photophosphorylation catalyzed by phenazine me...

Beet powdery mildew incited by Erysiphe betae is a serious foliar fungal disease of worldwide distribution causing losses of up to 30%. In the present work, we searched for resistance in a germplasm collection of 184 genotypes of Beta vulgaris including fodder (51 genotypes), garden (60 genotypes), leaf (51 genotypes), and sugar (22 genotypes) beet types. Resistant genotypes were identified in ...

GrapeMilDeWS is an expert-based approach for the integrated pest management (IPM) of two of the major pathogens of grapevine (Vitis vinifera): Erysiphe necator which causes powdery mildew and Plasmopara viticola which causes downy mildew. GrapeMilDeWS has been designed and tested by a team of phytopathologists. It is presented here as a formal model in Statechart. We argue that formal modelling...

A series of new N,N'-diacylhydrazine derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their structures were verified by 1H-NMR, mass spectra (MS) and elemental analysis. The antifungal activities of these N,N'-diacylhydrazines were evaluated. The bioassay results showed that most of these N,N'-diacylhydrazines showed excellent antifungal activities against Cladosporium cucumerinum, Corynespora cassii...

Plant cells engage in mutualistic and parasitic endosymbioses with a wide variety of microorganisms, ranging from Gram-negative (Rhizobium, Nostoc) and Gram-positive bacteria (Frankia), to oomycetes (Phytophthora), Chytridiomycetes, Zygomycetes (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) and true fungi (Erysiphe, ascomycete; Puccinia, basidiomycete). Endosymbiosis is characterised by the 'symbiosome', a com...

Nicotinamide nucleotide coenzymes were estimated spectrophotometrically in noninfected barley leaves and leaves infected with Erysiphe graminis var hordei (powdery mildew). Amounts of NADH, NADP(+) and NADPH were not altered by infection. In contrast, the NAD(+) content rose sharply and at 144 hours was 100% greater than in noninfected leaves. The respiratory rate was increased in infected leav...

Although phytophagous insects and plant pathogens frequently share the same host plant, interactions among such phylogenetically distant taxa have received limited attention. Here, we place pathogens and insects in the context of a multitrophic-level community. Focusing on the invasive powdery mildew Erysiphe alphitoides and the insect community on oak (Quercus robur), we demonstrate that milde...

In the course of screening for novel naturally occurring fungicides from mushrooms in Yunnan province, China, the ethanol extract of the fruiting bodies of Albatrellus dispansus was found to show antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungi. The active compound was isolated from the fruiting bodies of A. dispansus by bioassay-guided fractionation of the extract and identified as grifolin ...