The main reason to determine estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) in breast cancer is their predictive value for the response to endocrine therapy. In addition, ER and PR are often used as prognostic indicators. Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and immunocytochemical assay (ICA) are two methods for determining ER and PR. These two methods have not been compared with each other in relation to c...

We evaluate the e ect of costless preference signaling in two-sided matching markets between rms and workers. We consider a game of incomplete information with rm segments. Workers agree on the ranking of rms across segments, but have idiosyncratic and uniformly distributed preferences within segments. Firm preferences over workers are idiosyncratic and uniformly distributed. Each worker can se...

PURPOSE To determine whether progesterone receptor (PgR) status provides additional value to estrogen receptor (ER) status and improves prediction of benefit from endocrine treatment among patients with primary breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Clinical outcomes of patients in two large databases were analyzed as a function of steroid receptor status. The first database (PP), contained 3,73...

background several methods for assessment of severity of pain have been proposed but all of them are subjective. objectives this study evaluated the association concerning changes in electrical resistance (er) between two acupuncture points and severity of postoperative pain in order to define an objective measurement of pain. patients and methods in a cross-sectional study, 50 patients undergo...

Distributed Constraint Optimization Problems (DCOPs) have been used to model a number of multi-agent coordination problems. In DCOPs, agents are assumed to have complete information about the utility of their possible actions. However, in many real-world applications, such utilities are stochastic due to the presence of exogenous events that are beyond the direct control of the agents. This pap...

The present research investigated second law analysis of laminar flow over a backward facing step with various expansion ratios (ER). As Reynolds number (Re) increased the value of total entropy generation (Ns) increased. For smaller values of Re as the expansion ratio increased the value of Ns decreased. However, for higher values of Re as ER increased the value of Ns decreased but at smaller ...

The oestrogen receptor (ER) status of 2660 patients with primary breast cancer has been related to the effect of different adjuvant systemic therapies on survival. However, as patients in the various treatment groups also had different prognostic features comparison between treatments was difficult. Over 90% of patients receiving tamoxifen (Tam) were postmenopausal compared with <20% of those r...