many researchers have investigated how to increase the overall efficiency of solar-driven thermal systems. several key parameters, such as collector efficiency and storage tank characteristics, may impose some constraints on the annual solar fraction (asf) of such systems. in this paper, the behaviour of integrating the phase change material (pcm) in sdhw systems is modelled and optimized numer...

In micro, mini and small satellites because of needs for higher bus voltage and small required battery capacities, batteries are nearly always used in series combinations of multiple cells. When a series string of cells is charged as a group, a single current is imposed on all the cells. However, if the voltages begin to differ, the result is a charge imbalance that can lead ultimately to batte...

This paper presents an outline on the need of equalization in case of GSM systems. The modulation scheme employed in GSM systems is GMSK, which is both power and spectrum efficient, but at the cost of increased intersymbol interference. The effect of inter-symbol interference is more severe in case of multipath fading channel. This obviates the need of near optimum equalization. In this paper f...

In this paper we propose two equalization methods for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation. These methods are intended to be alternatives to the known cyclic prefix equalization (CPE) method, and are derived using ideas from subband identification. The first proposed method is called subband equalization (SBE) and the second one is called enhanced cyclic prefix equalizat...

In this paper, we propose the pre-equalization technique for the uplink burst transmission under the intersymbol interference (ISI) channel and the rain attenuation channel existed in the Ka-Band (20~30GHz) of the B-WLL system. We compare the mean-square-error (MSE) convergence properties of standard leastmean-square (SLMS) and discrete cosine transform (DCT)-based transform-domain least-mean-s...

Zooplankton populations are spatially heterogeneous in nature and inside ship ballast tanks. Sampling methods should take heterogeneity into account, particularly when estimating quantitative variables such as abundance or concentration. It is particularly important to generate unbiased estimates of zooplankton concentration in ballast water when assessing compliance with new international ball...

This paper shows how a popular system of federal revenue equalization grants can limit tax competition among subnational governments, correct fiscal externalities, and increase government spending. Remarkably, an equalization grant can implement efficient policy choices by regional governments, regardless of a wide variety of differences in regional tax capacity, tastes for public spending, and...

In recent years, the ambition to achieve very high data rates in wireless communication systems has fuelled the study of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) architectures and has resulted in the need for more advanced equalization techniques. Currently, the wireless industry is at a point where typical time-domain equalization solutions are becoming too complex to implement in MIMO systems. I...

Gain equalization of an EDFA is performed by introducing spectrally designed all-fiber filters in the midstage of a dual-stage fiber amplifier. Two types of filters are studied: a cascade of narrow-band Bragg gratings for discrete equalization of a finite number of channels and a wide-band Bragg grating performing equalization over the whole 1539 nm to 1557 nm range. In future work, it is plann...

The conventional linear prediction can be viewed as a constrained blind equalization problem that has gained a lot of interests along with development of telecommunication networks. Because the blind equalization or deconvolution is a general framework of the inverse problem, the reliable and faster algorithm is requested in many applications. This paper proposes an orthogonal wavelet transform...