This study analyzes the types and frequencies of hedges and intensifiers employed in NS and NNS academic essays included in a corpus of L1 and L2 student academic texts (745 essays/220,747 words). The overarching goal of this investigation is to focus on these lexical and syntactic features of written discourse because they effectively lend themselves to instruction in L2 academic writing cours...

This article examines the main mechanism of development deictic features English adverbs now, then, here, there, their purposeful research, and also reveals diversifies diversity points on basis specific linguistic material. The study properties Now, there in is deep interest. In a discursive situation, essence revealed first all. Before exploring functions these adverbs, views various linguist...

The article is dedicated to the study of functioning language means, which in primary or secondary function are able express modality probability modern Spanish and Italian languages. We consider category as a kind modal both terms logical (epistemic) modality, functional grammar, from standpoint theory linguistic communication. Probability one most common types with large gradation semantic me...

Public announcements are used in dynamic epistemic logic to model certain kinds of information change. A formula 〈ψ〉φ represents the statement that after ψ is publicly announced φ will be the case. Sometimes we want to reason about whether it is possible for φ to become true after some announcement. In order to do this an arbitrary public announcement operator ♦ can be added to an epistemic log...

The dynamic turn in Epistemic Logic is based on the idea that notions of information should be studied together with the actions that modify them. Dynamic epistemic logics have explored how knowledge and beliefs change as consequence of, among others, acts of observation and upgrade. Nevertheless, the omniscient nature of the represented agents has kept finer actions outside the picture, the mo...