Reliability is one of the main salient assets of modern electronic systems and its improvement is of utmost importance in manufacturingof high-reliability electronic products. The only possible means of improving the operational characteristics of electronic systems and reducing their overall lifecycle costs is improving their reliability. This is possible through designing in reliability at th...

Every living organism needs to have multiple defense mechanisms against environmental challenge for survival during evolution. Rapid changes in gene expression have been demonstrated during bacterial adaptation to environmental stress. Since DNA supercoiling varies in response to environment, and since supercoiling is known to influence strand separation in DNA, and therefore many vital cellula...

The environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) posits an inverted “U” shaped relationship between the affluence of a nation and the stress it places on the biophysical environment, with increases in affluence from low to moderate levels producing increased environmental stress but further increases eventually leading to a tipping point after which further affluence reduces environmental stress. We hypot...

To respond to environmental changes, plants have developed complex mechanisms that allow them to rapidly perceive and respond to abiotic stresses. Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are a large and diverse family that play important roles in environmental stress tolerance in plants. Dehydrins belong to group II LEA proteins, which are considered stress proteins involved in the formation...