Inappropriate behaviors are very common in dementia and impose an enormous toll both emotionally and financially. Three main psychosocial theoretical models have generally been utilized to explain inappropriate behaviors in dementia: the "unmet needs" model, a behavioral/learning model, and an environmental vulnerability/reduced stress-threshold model. A literature search yielded 83 nonpharmaco...

We explored how social perceivers detect and explain others’ environmentally relevant behaviors (ERBs). Participants watched short videos in which an actor performed an ERB (e.g., composting) or a control behavior (e.g., setting the table); they were then asked to explain why the actor had performed this behavior. Participants ‘‘detected’’ an (a priori classified) ERB if their explanation made ...

In the world of today, the issue of environmental protection is one of the main concerns. This research is created with the purpose of scientifically identification of cultural effects on environmental protection and behaviors. The views analysis is based on Durkheim, Weber, Parsons, Giddens, Tomeh approaches and theories. The research and questionnaire are used for 400 citizens of Tehran sele...

Estradiol can modulate neural activity and behavior via both genomic and nongenomic mechanisms. Environmental cues have a major impact on the relative importance of these signaling pathways with significant consequences for behavior. First we consider how photoperiod modulates nongenomic estrogen signaling on behavior. Intriguingly, short days permit rapid effects of estrogens on aggression in ...

Today behaviors such as drug abuse, moral and social deviance, failure and dropout, adolescent pregnancies and violence and aggression, running away from home and suicide are known as high-risk. These behaviors are due to undesirable consequences on the social system and even affect personality system, discussed by many scholars and researchers. In this study, the role of family functioning, at...

Swarm Intelligence (SI) is the property of a system whereby the collective behaviors of (unsophisticated) entities interacting locally with their environment cause coherent functional global patterns to emerge. SI provides a basis with which it is possible to explore collective (or distributed) problem solving without centralized control or the provision of a global model. To tackle the formati...

• Human social behavior, including communication behavior, is inf luenced by higher-order factors that remain largely unacknowledged in communication theory and research. • Several communicative behaviors, including communication anxiety, conf lict, emotional expression, and aggression, have strong biological ties. • Most of the research on the biology of communication behavior is conducted out...

Human behavior modeling is a key component in application domains such as healthcare and social behavior research. In addition to accurate prediction, having the capacity to understand the roles of human behavior determinants and to provide explanations for the predicted behaviors is also important. Having this capacity increases trust in the systems and the likelihood that the systems actually...