introduction: obesity is common in patients with cardiovascular disease (cvd) and the vast majority of patients entering into cardiac rehabilitation program (crp) are obese. regarding the gender differences, the risk of developing coronary heart disease (chd) is recognized to be different between obese men and women. so, the purpose of this study was to explore the effect of crp in functional c...

background: there are many risk factors besides age and immune suppression for herpes zoster. family history as a risk factor is suggested in some recent studies. the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between herpes zoster and family history. methods: this case-control study was undertaken in farshchian hospital, hamadan, iran. “case group” included patients with confirmed diagn...

background and aims: nowadays, orofacial clefts are known as the most common orofacial birth defects. several factors are responsible for problem, such as environmental factors, genetic background, nutritional deficiencies such as vitamins, zinc, iron, maternal diseases, exposure to teratogenicagents, smoking, drugs, organic solvents. the aim of this study was to evaluate the of risk factors fr...

background: although the issue of hyperuricemia as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (cvd) has been disputed, sev­eral studies have shown an association between hyperuricemia and   several cvd risk factors. the aim of this study was to assess distribution of uric acid level in yazd city, center of iran, and its association with cvd risk factors. methods: from autumn 2004 to summer 2005,...

conclusions although the frequency of hbsag seropositivity in the present study was close to that observed in the overall iranian population, the seroprevalence of anti-hbc was higher, possibly due to the exposure of the elderly to more risk factors. the risk factors were similar. these included a history of blood transfusions, cupping, hospital admission, endoscopy, or familial hbv/hcv infecti...

Risk assessment has been widely used as a tool for the development of waste management facilities. At the strategic level, risk assessment is used to inform decision makers about the planning process. In terms of a specific site, environmental risk assessment is used to identify risk management options. As an engineering tool, risk assessment is used to optimize the mitigation measures required...

compost is one of the strategies of house hold solid wastes management that is used to decrease the volume and weight of wastes, odor and leach ate dispersion, resource recycles and decreasing disposal expenses. in order to observe environmental regulations in the frame of adaptation development projects with environmental concerns, assessment of environmental impact of composting plants has be...

Assessing the impacts of chemical mixtures in the environment is challenging largely because of high variation: diverse sources and constituents; routes of environmental exposure; taxa-specific sensitivities. This complexity and uncertainty leads to concerns that current prospective risk assessment (RA) methods are insufficient for appropriate environmental protection. Likewise, there is scope ...