This study examines mothers' and fathers' smoking patterns in different kinds of smoking households, and assesses their relative contribution to infants' exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. It uses data from a cross-sectional survey of 314 smoking households (infants: mean age 10 weeks) in Coventry and Birmingham, England, examining reported tobacco consumption and objective measures of ex...

Low birth weight is a key public health problem in many developing countries, including Sri Lanka. Indoor air pollution from tobacco smoke and kitchen-fuel smoke are among the major contributors to low birth weight, factors of which there are little awareness of in Sri Lanka. We evaluated the effect of passive smoking and kitchen-fuel smoke exposure on birth weight. Seventy-six pregnant women w...

One study after another is finding strong associations between a variety of human illness and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). A 1986 report by the U.S. Surgeon General concluded that ETS is a cause of disease, including lung cancer, in healthy nonsmokers. Other reports have documented causal associations between ETS and lower respiratory tract infections, middle ear disease and e...

OBJECTIVE To measure environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in psychiatric settings and to assess determinants of support for complete smoking bans. DESIGN Cross sectional study SETTING Dutch psychiatric hospitals, outpatient care institutions, and sheltered home facilities. SUBJECTS A random sample of 540 treatment staff, 306 attendants/nurses, and 93 patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE...

Background This study reports stakeholders’ ratings, and perceived gaps in World Health Organization’s (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) Article 8 implementation in Thailand viewed against WHO’s Guidelines for Article 8 and to inform action in preparing the 2017 Tobacco Product Control Act.   Methods Stakeholder ratings of Guideline provisions of Article 8 on a three-tiered s...

S moking has been well recognised as the main cause of lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peripheral atherosclerosis, and as one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease. One should keep in mind that tobacco smoke contains over 400 chemicals, more than 60 of which are known or suspected to be carcinogenic. Tobacco smoke also contains carbon monoxide, a pois...

Airway dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in smoke-related lung diseases; however, the acute effects of tobacco smoke on human airway DCs in vivo are unknown. A total of 16 smokers underwent bronchoalveolar lavage at two time-points: directly after a 4-h period of nonsmoking (no smoke exposure); and directly after a 4-h period during which eight cigarettes were smoked (acute smoke exposure)....

This article provides an overview of the hair nicotine biomarker for assessment of exposure to tobacco smoke, with emphasis on environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Measurement of nicotine in hair can be an informative tool for research looking at ETS and related illnesses. There are still unresolved issues in relation to this biomarker such as influence of hair treatment, hair colour, and growth ...

Background: Smoke-free eating places are effective in reducing exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS). Eateries should comply with implementing smoke-free eating-places under the Control of Tobacco Products Regulations 2018 all open-air reduce tobacco consumption achieve plan having Malaysia free by 2045. Objectives: To determine impact perceived knowledge on control law and SHS attitude support pr...