PURPOSES To develop and validate a Portuguese version of the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) in Brazilian patients with advanced cancer. METHODS The ESAS was translated and then back translated into Portuguese in accordance with international guidelines. The final version was approved by an Expert Committee after pilot testing on 24 advanced cancer patients. Subsequently, we evaluat...

The perception and reality of the clinical value of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) in cancer supportive care have undergone a dramatic transformation since their initial use in 1990. The perception of ESA value in patients has evolved from panacea to miscreant over a 2-decade period of laboratory research, clinical trial data, and postmarketing experience. Meanwhile, the real clinical...

HIV self-testing has yet to scale up, with one exception – China. Approximately one-third of men who have sex with men (MSM) report HIV self-testing in China, with many of these self-tests representing the first time that the men ever tested [1]. HIV self-testing scale-up may be related to unmet demand, self-testing partnerships and local entrepreneurship. First, the centralised, facility-based...

In this paper, coupled split-ring resonators (SRRs) are used to construct the electrically small antennas. We show that through strong magnetic coupling, the coupled SRRs composite can oscillate at a wavelength much larger than its total size. Due to its magnetic dipole feature, the coupled SRRs composite allows the electromagnetic (EM) power to radiate and hence forms the electrically small an...

The objective of the study was translation and cross-cultural adaptation into Brazilian Portuguese of the instrument Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS-r). The ESAS-r is a revised version of the instrument ESAS that assesses nine symptoms in Palliative Care. This is a methodological study based on a benchmark composed of six steps: translation, synthesis, backtranslation, expert committee...

The introduction of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) into everyday clinical practice has greatly improved the care of patients with chronic kidney disease. ESAs have reduced the need for blood transfusions, improved survival, decreased cardiovascular complications and enhanced patient quality of life. The longer acting ESA, darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp(R)), which can be administered less f...

Knowledge of factors that determine the transition from nascent entrepreneurship into real entrepreneurship is of major importance for policies aiming to effectively stimulate start-ups. Whereas scholars concentrated on person-specific factors to explain transition probabilities, environmental characteristics have been fairly neglected. Given that entrepreneurship is a strongly localized phenom...

extended abstract introduction economic development is a favorable aim for all nations and meeting this aim requires a good understanding of variables taking part in this process. the role of entrepreneurship in economic development has been mentioned by many authors as an important one. although creating jobs is a function of entrepreneurial process, but it is not the only one. entrepreneursh...