We investigated optical absorption spectra near the fundamental absorption edge of β-FeSi2 single crystals by transmission measurements. The phonon structure corresponding to the emission and absorption component was clearly observed in the low-temperature absorption spectra. Assuming exciton state in the indirect allowed transition, we determined a phonon energy of 0.031 ± 0.004 eV. A value of...

In this paper we investigate the use of an innovative sheet folding theory and technology in the design of new cushioning systems. Flat sheets of material are folded into three dimensional patterns. The effectiveness of the folded pattern in absorbing impact energy without subjecting items being cushioned to high acceleration is dependent on the sheet material, the fold configuration (number of...

Project Summary This proposal outlines a program of scientific research and educational development focused on radiative forcing and climate. The scientific program consists of determining the role of three gaseous species in closing Earth's energy budget and in radiatively forcing present and future climate. The gases are water vapor, collision complexes of oxygen (O 2 ·X), and nitrogen dioxid...

This white paper combines a tutorial on the fundamentals of thermoregulation with a review of the current literature concerned with physiological thermoregulatory responses of humans and laboratory animals in the presence of radio frequency (RF) and microwave fields. The ultimate goal of research involving whole body RF exposure of intact organisms is the prediction of effects of such exposure ...

This study presents the experimental results for a series of tests on the uniaxial quasi-static crushing of cubical specimens of 50mm side for two species of wood such as Jack wood and Indian Fig. Compression tests were conducted on universal testing machine of 400kN capacity and at a constant deformation rate of 8mm/min. The woods were separately tested in the two principal directions i.e., gr...

Energy absorber systems like metallic dampers for controlling the structural vibrations due to earthquake have witnessed considerable development in the past few decades. Also there are some studies on the energy absorption of thin-walled tubes due to impact load. Thin-walled tubes have a large deformation capacity and are suitable energy absorbers in the structure during an earthquake provided...

This paper investigates the energy absorption response of winding kenaf fiber composite tubes when subjected to an axial quasi-static crushing test. The square composites were prepared firstly by submerging the kenaf yarn into resin bath before it is warped around the mould for different number of layers and fiber orientations. The parameters measured were peak load, mean load and specific ener...

Collisionless energy absorption in 1D nanoplasma layer is considered. Straightforward classical calculation of the absorption rate in action-angle variables is presented. In regular regime the result obtained is the same as in [4], but deeper insight is possible now due to the technique used. Chirikov criterion of the chaotic absorption regime is written out. Col-lisionless energy absorption ra...

It is important to accurately characterize the heating of tissues due to the radiofrequency energy applied during MRI. This has led to an increase in the use of numerical methods to predict specific energy absorption rate distributions for safety assurance in MRI. To ensure these methods are accurate for actual MRI coils, however, it is necessary to compare to experimental results. Here, we rep...

The wall formula for the calculation of friction in nuclear physics [1], and the Drude formula for the calculation of conductance in mesoscopic physics, are just two special results of a much more general formulation of ‘dissipation theory’. The general formulation is as follows: Assume a time-dependent chaotic HamiltonianH(Q,P ;x(t)) with x(t)=V t. Assume also that V is slow in a classical sen...