stochastic programs are effective for solving long-term planning problems under uncertainty. Such programs are usually based on scenario generation model about future environment developments. In the present paper, the scenario model is developed for the case when enough data paths can be generated, but due to solvability of stochastic program the scenario tree has to be constructed. The propos...

Numerous 3-D GIS are being developed today that are both commercially and freely available. A multicity web-based 3-D GIS (named as GLC3d) using open source and freely available software/packages exclusively has been developed. This paper presents the architecture, design, and overview of GLC3d. Open source tools and software’s QGIS, Cesium, and MySQL are employed to develop this application. Q...