نتایج جستجو برای: electron charge density

تعداد نتایج: 793107  

Journal: :The Journal of chemical physics 2013
Benjamin Freyer Flavio Zamponi Vincent Juvé Johannes Stingl Michael Woerner Thomas Elsaesser Majed Chergui

The transient electronic and molecular structure arising from photoinduced charge transfer in transition metal complexes is studied by X-ray powder diffraction with a 100 fs temporal and atomic spatial resolution. Crystals containing a dense array of Fe(II)-tris(bipyridine) ([Fe(bpy)3](2 +)) complexes and their [Formula: see text] counterions display pronounced changes of electron density that ...

2000
K. M. Satyalakshmi A. Olkhovets M. G. Metzler C. K. Harnett D. M. Tanenbaum H. G. Craighead

Charge induced pattern distortions in low voltage electron beam lithography in the energy range of 1 to 5 kV were investigated. Pattern distortion on conducting substrates such as silicon was found to be small, while significant pattern placement errors and pattern distortions were observed in the case of electrically insulating substrates caused by charge trapping and deflection of the inciden...

2006
A. F. Barghouty

Recent measurements of the mean ionic charge states of solar energetic iron and silicon by SAMPEX and ACE during the large solar events of 1992 November 1 and 1997 November 6 show a mean ionic charge that increases with energy. This feature has implications for the use of the observed charge state as a probe of the coronal electron temperature and density, as well as for models of ion accelerat...

Journal: :Physical review letters 2003
E Zaremba I Nagy P M Echenique

We have performed self-consistent calculations of the nonlinear screening of a point charge Z in a two-dimensional electron gas using a density functional theory method. We find that the screened potential for a Z=1 charge supports a bound state even in the high-density limit where one might expect perturbation theory to apply. To explain this behavior, we prove a theorem to show that the resul...

2004
Zhong Lin Wang

Chapter 1. Kinematical electron diffraction 1.1 Electron wavelength 1.2 Plane wave representation of incident electron 1.3 Born approximation and single atom scattering 1.4 Fourier transformation 1.5 Scattering factor and charge density function 1.6 Single scattering theory 1.7 Reciprocal space and reciprocal lattice vector 1.8 Bragg's law and Ewald sphere 1.9 Abbe's imaging theory 1.10 Phase o...

Journal: :Nature 2016
Yu Hirano Kazuki Takeda Kunio Miki

The fine structures of proteins, such as the positions of hydrogen atoms, distributions of valence electrons and orientations of bound waters, are critical factors for determining the dynamic and chemical properties of proteins. Such information cannot be obtained by conventional protein X-ray analyses at 3.0-1.5 Å resolution, in which amino acids are fitted into atomically unresolved electron-...

Journal: :Physical review letters 2014
A Pourkabirian M V Gustafsson G Johansson J Clarke P Delsing

We report a new method to study two-level fluctuators (TLFs) by measuring the offset charge induced after applying a sudden step voltage to the gate electrode of a single-electron transistor. The offset charge is measured for more than 20 h for samples made on three different substrates. We find that the offset charge drift follows a logarithmic increase over 4 orders of magnitude in time and t...

Journal: :Ultramicroscopy 2015
G Schönhense K Medjanik C Tusche M de Loos B van der Geer M Scholz F Hieke N Gerken J Kirschner W Wurth

Ultrahigh spectral brightness femtosecond XUV and X-ray sources like free electron lasers (FEL) and table-top high harmonics sources (HHG) offer fascinating experimental possibilities for analysis of transient states and ultrafast electron dynamics. For electron spectroscopy experiments using illumination from such sources, the ultrashort high-charge electron bunches experience strong space-cha...

Journal: :The Journal of Cell Biology 1969
E. Skutelsky D. Danon

The density and distribution of electric charge on the surface of rabbit bone marrow cells was visualized by electron microscopy after the cell surfaces had been stained with charged colloidal iron particles. Expulsed erythroid nuclei are less negatively charged than any other cell in the bone marrow. They carry from about one-half to one-third of the charge density on the remaining future reti...

Journal: :Physical review letters 2005
J C Nickel R Duprat C Bourbonnais N Dupuis

Using a renormalization group approach, we determine the phase diagram of an extended quasi-one-dimensional electron gas model that includes interchain hopping, nesting deviations, and both intrachain and interchain repulsive interactions. We find a close proximity of spin-density- and charge-density-wave phases and singlet d-wave and triplet f-wave superconducting phases. There is a striking c...

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