Ultrashort pulsed lasers continue to see expanded application in many technologies such as microelectronics and precision manufacturing. The extremely short time duration (picosecond to femtosecond time scales) of these laser pulses create extremely non-equilibrium conditions during the heating and ablation of target materials. The result is generally efficient machining with little to no heat ...

The microstructure of an oxide dispersion strengthened ferritic PM2000 steel with a strong initial 〈100〉 texture has been investigated after compression by dynamic plastic deformation (DPD) at room temperature to a strain of 2.1. Measurements using electron backscatter diffraction and transmission electron microscopy indicate that DPD along the 〈100〉 direction results in a lamellar-type microst...

Two glasses of the compositions 2 BaO - TiO2 - 2.75 GeO2 and 2 BaO - TiO2 -3.67 GeO2 (also known as BTG55) are annealed at temperatures from 680 to 970 °C to induce surface crystallization. The resulting samples are analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) including electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Ge-Fresnoite (Ba2TiGe2O8, BTG) is observed at the immed...

As expected from the alloy design procedure, combined Twinning Induced Plasticity (TWIP) and Transformation Induced Plasticity (TRIP) effects are activated in a metastable β Ti-12(wt.%)Mo alloy. In-situ Synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations were carried out to investigate the deformation mechanisms an...

Critical steps toward designing and developing modern materials include observing, simulating, and predicting 3D deformation and cracking mechanisms at various length scales. In this work, advanced characterization and simulation techniques are employed to study the micromechanisms involved in nucleation and propagation of fatigue cracks in an aluminum alloy used in pressure-vessel structures. ...

Ultracold electron sources based on near-threshold photoionization of laser-cooled atomic gases can produce ultrashort electron pulses with a brightness potentially exceeding conventional pulsed electron sources. They are presently being developed for single shot ultrafast electron diffraction, where a bunch charge of 100 fC is sufficient. For application as an injector for x-ray free electron ...