In the course of modern daily life, individuals are exposed to numerous sources of electromagnetic radiation that are not present in the natural environment. The strength of the electromagnetic fields from sources such as hairdryers, computer display units and other electrical devices is modest. However, in many home and office environments, individuals can experience perpetual exposure to an "...

Electromagnetic radiation and scattering are considered important topics in electrical engineering and technology, and help form the foundation of electromagnetic interference and electromagnetic compatibility. A comprehensive understanding of the radiation and scattering phenomenon will benefit the students who want to be engineers in the fields of RF circuit design, antennas and wireless comm...

introduction: there are general concerns about the hazardous impacts of the cell phones radiation on the human health. in this study, the structural and biochemical changes of the mice kidney were assessed after cell phone exposure in. materials and methods: a total of 40 balb/c mice were randomly divided into the control and experimental groups. the experimental group exposed to cell phone dev...

background: exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields is increasingly common, but the potential influence on pregnant women has not been thoroughly investigated. methods: in this case-control study, 58 women who had an unexplained spontaneous abortion at < 14 weeks gestation and 58 matched pregnant women >14 weeks gestation were enrolled in 2012. the women completed the questio...

The electromagnetic fields far from any antenna can be conveniently described as the sum of the radiation fields of a series of oscillating point multipoles, of which the leading term is a dipole in many cases of practical interest. The form of the fields associated with the nth multipole is independent of the details of the physical layout of the antenna (other than that the layout determines ...

background: men are unavoidably exposed to ambient electromagnetic fields (emf) generated from various electrical gadgets and from power transmission lines. prostate gland plays an important role in secretion of semen as largest accessory gland of male reproductive system. it seems that protection of this gland against emf is important in spermatogenesis process. objective: the goal of this stu...

We address the old question of whether or not a uniformly accelerated charged particle radiates, and consequently, if weak equivalence principle is violated by electrodynamics. We show that radiation has different meanings; some absolute, some relative. Detecting photons or electromagnetic waves is not absolute, it depends both on the electromagnetic field and on the state of motion of the ante...

We point out that electromagnetic one-way edge modes analogous to quantum Hall edge states, originally predicted by Raghu and Haldane in 2D photonic crystals possessing Dirac point-derived band gaps, can appear in more general settings. We show that the TM modes in a gyromagnetic photonic crystal can be formally mapped to electronic wave functions in a periodic electromagnetic field, so that th...

An exposure system consisting of two long transversal electromagnetic (TEM) cells, operating at a frequency of 900 MHz, is presented and discussed. The set-up allows simultaneous exposure of a significant number of animals (up to 12 mice per cell) in a blind way to a uniform plane wave at a frequency of 900 MHz, for investigating possible biological effects of exposure to electromagnetic fields...

We show that the problem of unifying electromagnetism with gravity has an elegant solution in classical physics through the phenomenon of induction. By studying the way that induction leads to the formation of electromagnetic fields, we identify the classical field equations which the unified field must satisfy and a corresponding set of constitutive equations for the medium sustaining the fiel...