Abstract With the rapid development of urban power grid and metro system, their mutual influence has become more serious. The dc magnetic bias transformer caused by becomes main research direction. In this paper, characteristics dynamic electromagnetic coupling between trains transmission lines are studied. First, motion equation is written out according to running law train, three relations gi...

The input to an electro-hydraulic (EH) servovalve is typically a current or a differential current that powers an electromagnetic torque motor. The differential current Δi is typically supplied by an amplifier to avoid excess loading of the interface to the computer or controller. In the simplest (but not typical) form, the torque motor moves a spool valve as shown below. The spool valve allows...

Abstract Anthropogenic sound has increasingly become part of the marine soundscape and may negatively affect animals across all taxa. Invertebrates, including bivalves, received limited attention even though they make up a significant biomass are very important for higher trophic levels. Behavioural studies critical to evaluate individual potentially population-level impacts noise can be used c...

UC (Unit Commitment) is a non-linear, large scale, complex, mixed-integer combinatorial constrained optimization problem. This paper proposes, a new hybrid approach for generating UC schedules using SI (Swarm Intelligence) learning rule based NN (Neural Network). The training data has been generated using DP (Dynamic Programming) for machines without valve point effects and using genetic algori...

The deployment of a miniature mobile-phone base station or small cell in a train car significantly improves the coverage and the capacity of a mobile network service on the train. However, the impact of the small cell on the passengers' exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) is unknown. In this study, we assessed experimentally the RF-EMF exposure of a mobile-phone user who...