Observational campaigns of the mid-latitude ionosphericE-region with sounding rockets and ground-based instruments were conducted in 1996 (SEEK) and 2002 (SEEK2). Both of them were successfully conducted to bring important findings about the mid-latitude E-region and quasiperiodic (QP) VHF radar echoes. The observational results in the SEEK and the SEEK-2 are compared with numerical simulations...

In order to understand the performance of photonic bandgap (PBG) structures under realistic high gradient, high power, high repetition rate operation, a PBG accelerator structure was designed and tested at X-Band (11.424 GHz). The structure consisted of a single test cell with matching cells before and after the structure. The design followed principles previously established in testing a serie...

Field amplified sample stacking (FASS) is used to increase sample concentrations in electrokinetic flows. The technique uses conductivity gradients to establish a non-uniform electric field that accumulates ions within a conductivity gradient, and can be readily integrated with capillary electrophoresis. Conductivity gradients also cause gradients in near-wall electroosmotic flow velocities. Th...

Monolayer mixtures of dihydrocholesterol and phospholipids at the air-water interface are used to model membranes containing cholesterol and phospholipids. Specific, stoichiometric interactions between cholesterol and some but not all phospholipids have been proposed to lead to the formation of condensed complexes. It is reported here that an externally applied electric field of the appropriate...

A series of three articles present an innovative way to build advanced functionally graded materials (FGM) based on polymer/ceramic composites tailored by electrophoresis from the process principle their field grading application in power electronics. In this Part 1, is presented and relies applying a DC voltage liquid composite compound before curing order `freeze' particles where they have be...

A non perturbative approach is used to solve the problem of a rigid linear molecule with both a permanent dipole moment and a static dipole polarizability, in a static electric field. Eigenenergies are obtained and compared to perturbative low field and high field approximations. Analytical expressions for the orientation parameters and for the gradient of the energy are given. This non perturb...

The experimental results concerning the electric field gradient and the local magnetic field around substitutional impurities in copper-based dilute alloys have been summarized. Comparing the experimental data with theoretical models we have come to the conclusion that only the first-order quadrupole wipe-out number characteristic of the asymptotic charge density oscillation around the impuriti...

Lipid rafts are widely believed to be an essential organizational motif in cell membranes. However, direct evidence for interactions among lipid and/or protein components believed to be associated with rafts is quite limited owing, in part, to the small size and intrinsically dynamic interactions that lead to raft formation. Here, we exploit the single negative charge on the monosialogangliosid...

The nuclear magnetic resonance ~NMR! spectra of the I53/2 monovalent ions Na, Cl, K, and Br for NaCl and KBr dissolved into filamentous bacteriophage Pf1 solutions display line splittings and shifts consistent with an interaction between the nuclear spin and the electric field gradient produced by the Pf1 particles. The average electric field gradient and thus the spectral splitting for ions in...

Bipolar electrode focusing at discontinuous bipolar electrodes (BPEs) provides new insight into the faradaic current and electric field characteristics associated with the technique and allows for the controlled transport of a focused anionic tracer in a microfluidic channel. The findings corroborate our previously reported simulation results, which describe the formation of an extended electri...