In order to ensure superiority of fuel and improve start and stop performance of hybrid electric vehicle, battery is used in the system. Limited by vehicle’s size, traditional hybrid electric vehicles can only carry a limited number of batteries, resulting in a relatively short running distance in one battery charge cycle. To improve energy using efficiency and increase vehicle safety, composit...

We obtain both topological as well as nontopological self-dual charged vortex solutions of finite energy per unit length in a generalized abelian Higgs model in 3 + 1 dimensions. In this model the Bogomol’nyi bound on the energy per unit length is obtained as a linear combination of the magnetic flux and the electric charge per unit length. PACS NO. 11.15. -q, 11.10.Lm, 03.65.Ge Typeset using R...

This paper presents a formulation of unit commitment for thermal units integrated with wind and solar energy systems and electrical vehicles with emphasizing on Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming (MINLP). The renewable energy resources are included in this model due to their low electricity cost and positive effect on environment. As well as, coordinated charging strategy of electrical vehicle...

An alternative approach for hydrogenation of silicene is proposed through applying an external electric field in order to reduce the reaction energy barrier based on density functional theory calculations. It is found that a positive perpendicular electric field F can act as a catalyst to reduce the energy barrier of H2 dissociative adsorption on silicene, which facilitates the hydrogenation of...

In the next years is expected an important rise in sales of electrical scooters in the entire world but especially in China. In order to address this challenge the electric scooter industry has to be more competitive in the transportation market and therefore important improvements, in terms of energy density and costs, have to be done in the electric storage system and in the electric propulsi...

We study how Alfvén waves propagate in the presence of sharp density gradients in the direction perpendicular to the ambient magnetic field. A fully electromagnetic electron guiding centre code is used for the simulation. During the propagation, initially parallel ( ), transverse scales of the order of are quickly reached which contributes to the creation of a significant parallel component of ...

where Re means "real part. " It is easy to see that P(x) is the time rate of change at which the electric field does work per unit volume on the sources. Hence S'= (1/Ssr) g;lb;*lb; is the energy density and the components S' (a=1, 2, 3) are the components of the Poynting vector. Since the field P is arbitrary, we can strip off the integrals in (9) and obtain the familiar diGerential form of th...

load management and cost optimization are among the important factors in trigenerationsystems and combined cooling, heating and power (cchp) systems. in this study, an innovative cchpsystem uses a gas turbine as the prime mover and has a heat recovery steam generator (hrsg) in addition toan auxiliary boiler, electric and absorption chillers. the system is tied with the bulk electric grid; to ex...

In Brazil’s long-term energy planning, the dispatch of thermal plants usually varies along a year. Such variation is essentially due to the predominance of the hydraulic mix in the system electric energy supply. For this reason, without preventive measures, a highly irregular cash flow occurs for natural gas (NG) providers, who supply gas for electric energy generators. In order to achieve more...

Demand of energy is more sensible now because of population growth and economic growth of countries. In order to increase of energy consumption around the world and environment pollution, attention to the renewable energy such as solar energy is inevitable. Building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) electric power systems not only produce electricity, they are also part of the building. For exam...