Seeds of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and white clover (Trifolium repens) were primed in 3 priming solutions [2% NaCl, 2% KNO3 and 300 g/L polyethylene glycol (PEG)] for 2 days at 20°C and their subsequent germination compared with that of untreated seed. Four replications of 50 seeds for germination and 25 seeds for emergence were arranged in a 2-factor factorial completely randomised design. All...

Soybean Dwarf Virus (SbDV) is an important plant pathogen, causing economic losses in soybean. In North America, indigenous strains of SbDV mainly infect clover, with occasional outbreaks in soybean. To evaluate the risk of a US clover strain of SbDV adapting to other plant hosts, the clover isolate SbDV-MD6 was serially transmitted to pea and soybean by aphid vectors. Sequence analysis of SbDV...

Mixed infection of pea (Pisum sativum) with Clover yellow vein virus (ClYVV) and White clover mosaic virus (WClMV) led to more severe disease symptoms (a phenomenon called viral synergism). Similar to the mixed ClYVV/WClMV infection, a WClMV-based vector encoding P3N-PIPO of ClYVV exacerbated the disease symptoms. Infection with the WClMV vector encoding ClYVV HC-Pro (a suppressor of RNA silenc...

This study was conducted to identify lines of subterranean clover (Trifolium spp.) with resistance to Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal, 1989) Chitwood, 1949, race 1; M. incognita (Kofoid and White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949, race 3; and M. javanica (Treub, 1885) Chitwood, 1949. A collection of 134 subterranean clover lines was evaluated and all had intermediate to high susceptibility. Root galling was neg...

The Rhizobium leguminosarum h o s t-range (Sym) plasmid, pJB5JI, is a 130 Mdal conjugative plasmid which carries the genes for host-specificity (i.e., for peas) and some of the genes for ni trogen-fixation. We have t ransferred plasmid pJB5JI into different species of Rhizobium and examined the symbiotic propert ies of the result ing transconjugants. The donor strain R. leguminosarum 6015 (pJB5...

BACKGROUND Coccidiosis is a serious protozoal disease of poultry. The identification of Eimeria species has important implications for diagnosis and control as well as for epidemiology. The molecular characterization of Eimeria species infecting Egyptian baladi chickens was investigated. METHODS Eimeria species oocysts were harvested from intestines of naturally infected Egyptian baldi chicke...

Hadron masses are calculated in quenched lattice QCD in order to probe the scaling behavior of a novel fatlink clover fermion action in which only the irrelevant operators of the fermion action are constructed using APE-smeared links. Light quark masses corresponding to an mπ/mρ ratio of 0.35 are considered to assess the exceptional configuration problem of clover-fermion actions. This Fat-Link...