In principle, parental relatedness, parental age, and the age of parental gametes can all influence offspring fitness through inbreeding depression and the parental effects of organismal and postmeiotic gametic senescence. However, little is known about the extent to which these factors interact and contribute to fitness variation. Here, we show that, in Drosophila melanogaster, offspring viabi...

The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare egg albumen, whole bovine milk, human saliva, and tissue culture medium (MEM) for effect on the viability of human skin fibroblasts and their osmolalities. Confluent monolayers of fibroblasts were grown. Growth medium was poured off and dishes were divided into five groups, 15 dishes each of: 1) chick egg albumen; 2) fresh whole milk; 3) human s...

The Australian plague locust, Chortoicetes terminifera (Walker), is an important agricultural pest and oviposits into compacted soil across vast semi-arid and arid regions prone to irregular heavy summer rainfall. This study aimed to quantify the effects of flooding (control, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days) at different temperatures (15, 20 and 25°C) and embryonic development stages (25 and 75%) on ...

OBJECTIVES This study was undertaken to evaluate the viability of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells of avulsed teeth in three different storage media. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-five premolars extracted for orthodontic therapeutic purposes were randomly and equally divided into three groups based on storage media used [Group I: milk (control); Group II: aloe vera (experimental); Group III: eg...

The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of green tea polyphenol on the quality of canine semen after long-term storage at 5°C. The supplementation of a Tris-egg yolk extender with polyphenol (0.5, 0.75, or 1mg/mL) increased the motility and viability of sperm preserved for four weeks at 5°C.

Male and female offspring can differ in their susceptibility to pre-natal (e.g. egg quality) and post-natal (e.g. sib-sib competition) conditions, and parents can therefore increase their individual fitness by adjusting these maternal effects according to offspring sex. In birds, egg mass and laying/hatching order are the main determinants of offspring viability, but these effects can act diffe...

The pea leaf weevil, Sitona lineatus L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), has recently emerged as an important pest of field peas in the Canadian prairies. Systemic seed-coated insecticides may provide a tool for the integrated pest management of this pest. Therefore, several controlled assays were performed in order to determine effects of a recently registered neonicotinoid, (thiamethoxam) on S. l...

Results of fitness estimates for the Lap locus in Drosophila melanogaster revealed that under crowded media conditions gene frequency equilibrium was maintained by frequency-dependent selection. Evidence was obtained that indicated that mating and egg-to-adult viability were frequency dependent.

Size, condition, and age of female-Icelandic cod Gadus morhua were correlated to the size of their eggs and newly hatched larvae. A positive relationship was detected between egg size and some larval viability parameters, including the age at first feeding, successful development of a swimbladder, and specific growth rates during the first 15 days after hatching. These results reveal that the v...