kefiran is an exogenous microbial metabolite produced mainly by bacteria and fungi during growth. the present study investigated the effects of the addition of 3% kefiran and 3% xanthan on the extensographic characteristics of wheat dough and the shelf life of raised bread. kefir grain was cultivated in a shaking incubator and kefiran extraction was carried using a centrifugal refrigerator. the...

There are many efforts to utilize the mobile phone as a computing platform in developing regions of the world. One effective approach is to build educational games for children in these regions. Existing games in this space are typically single-player affairs, devoid of the possibly beneficial element of collaboration between multiple learners. We seek to explore the feasibility of creating mul...

Eudyptes penguins (six species) are uniquely characterized by a two-egg clutch with extreme intraclutch egg-size dimorphism (ESD): the first-laid A-egg is 17.5%-56.9% smaller than the B-egg. Although A-eggs are viable, they almost never produce fledged chicks (genus average <1%). Using classical life-history theory and phylogenetic comparative methods, we demonstrate a marked slowdown in the li...

A systematic approach for fish shelf life modelling and Time Temperature Integrator (TTI) selection in order to plan and apply an effective quality monitoring scheme for the fish chill chain was developed. The temperature behaviour of the natural microflora of the Mediterranean fish boque (Boops boops) was studied and growth of the specific spoilage bacteria Pseudomonas spp. and Shewanella putr...

Growth of natural microflora of marine cultured, air-packed, sea bass (Dichentrachus labrax) was studied at isothermal conditions in the 0-15 degrees C range and kinetically modelled using the four-parameter Logistic equation. Sensory shelf life was correlated to pseudomonad population and sensory acceptability was correlated to a pseudomonad level, Ns, of 10(7). The variability of their initia...

this experiment was carried out to increase the shelf life and maintaining the quality of mango (mangifera indica) fruits. there were two factors. factor a: postharvest treatments with six levels (1. untreated (control), 2. washing with chlorine, 3. dipping (5 minutes) in calcium chloride (cacl2), 4. dipping (5 minutes) in bavistin and rinse in clean water, 5. hot water treatment and 6. tap wat...

Developmental and biophysical leaf characteristics that influence post-harvest shelf life in lettuce, an important leafy crop, have been examined. The traits were studied using 60 informative F9 recombinant inbed lines (RILs) derived from a cross between cultivated lettuce (Lactuca sativa cv. Salinas) and wild lettuce (L. serriola acc. UC96US23). Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for shelf life co...

OBJECTIVE Unravelling the determinants of parasite life-history traits in natural settings is complex. Here, we deciphered the relationships between biotic, abiotic factors and the variation in 4 life-history traits (body size, egg presence, egg number and egg size) in the fish ectoparasite Tracheliastes polycolpus. We then determined the factors affecting the strength of the trade-off between ...

Nano packaging is currently one of the most important topics in food packaging technologies. The aim of the application of this technology in food packaging is increasing shelf life of foods by preventing internal and external corruption and microbial contaminations. Use of silver nanoparticles in food packaging has recently attracted much attention. The aim of this study was to investigate the...

Soft mouth melting milk cakes from water buffalo milk were prepared by using milk collected from Experimental Dairy, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India. This milk was standardized to 6% fat. Time-delay and linear layer (design) intelligent computing expert system models were developed for predicting shelf life of soft mouth melting milk cakes stored at 6C. Linear layer (design) mo...