2 SUMMARY We analyzed fiber type composition of the soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles of 3-to 19-month-old male and female inbred Lewis strain rats determined by histochemical demonstration of mATPase activity. The rats were divided into four groups of the mean age of 3, 6, 9 and 14 months. We found that the soleus muscle of 3-month-old rats contained significantly more of fast...

Mars atmospheric characterization is critical for exploring the planet. Future Mars missions require landing massive payloads to the surface with high accuracy. The accuracy of entry, descent and landing (EDL) of a payload is a major technical challenge for future Mars missions. Mars EDL depends on atmospheric conditions such as density, wind and dust as well as surface topography. A Mars orbit...

BACKGROUND Control of skeletal muscle mass and force production is a complex physiological process involving numerous regulatory systems. Agents that increase skeletal muscle cAMP levels have been shown to modulate skeletal muscle mass and force production. The dopamine 1 receptor and its closely related homolog, the dopamine 5 receptor, are G-protein coupled receptors that are expressed in ske...

This study was designed to determine the histological and metabolic effects of the administration of 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR) for 14 successive days. AICAR treatment caused a significant decrease in the percentage of type IIB fibers and the concomitant increase in the percentage of type IIX fibers in extensor...

The impact of high-intensity exercise on disease progression and muscle contractile properties in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) remains unclear. Control (CON) and EAE rats were divided into sedentary and exercise groups. Before onset (experiment 1, n=40) and after hindquarter paralysis (experiment 2, n=40), isokinetic foot extensor strength, cross sectional area (CSA) of tibia...

Abstract The entry vehicle for the Tianwen-1 mission successfully landed on surface of Mars at 7:18 AM BJT May 15, 2021. This successful landing made China first country to orbit, land, and release a rover in their attempt exploration. guidance, navigation, control (GNC) system plays crucial role entry, descent, (EDL) phases. study focused attitude component GNC design. EDL phase can be divided...

Extractor Description Language (EDL) vereinfacht die im Software-Reengineering immer wiederkehrende Überführung von Quellcode in abstrakte Syntaxgraphen (ASG). EDL verwendet einen GLR-Parser, der im Unterschied zu den üblichen LL/LR(k)Algorithmen die Verwendung von beliebigen, auch mehrdeutigen, kontextfreien Grammatiken erlaubt. Darüber hinaus vereinfachen Symboltabellen-Stacks und deklarative...

The Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission’s instrumentation will enable accurate reconstruction of the vehicle’s entry, descent, and landing (EDL) performance including the trajectory, the observed atmosphere, aerodynamics, aeroheating, and heatshield material response. The objective of this paper is to develop methodologies for an integrated approach to the reconstruction of the vehicle’s EDL ...

Multi-terminal artificial synaptic devices are promising for building neural morphological networks and manufacturing chips. In this study, planar multi-gate InOx-based transistor was demonstrated by using solution-processed AlOx as an electric double layer (EDL) dielectric with mobile hydrogen protons. The excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) successfully controlled adjusting amplitude, dura...

Rat muscles, soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL), were eccentrically electrostimulated at low frequency for 4-24h. The cryostat-sections of these muscles were examined by immunohistochemistry. Numerous muscle fibres were damaged and necrotic. Simultaneously, several preserved fibres were not stained, or stained only discontinuously, with the anti-dystrophin and anti-p-dystroglycan antibo...