Title XVIII of the Social Security Act established the Medicare program to provide health insurance benefits for the aged and disabled. Title XVIII is divided into two sections: Part A, Hospital Insurance (HI) and Part B, Supplementary Medical Insurance (SMI). Part A pays for part of the cost of inpatient hospital care and related health care services provided by skilled nursing facilities and ...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between economic activity and the incidence of high-energy orthopedic trauma. California's Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development patient discharge database was queried to identify monthly orthopedic trauma incidence from 1995 to 2010. Patient inclusion required 1 diagnosis code and 1 associated procedural code for fracture...

Medicare payments for physician services under Part B were historically restrained by capping prevailing charges using the Medicare Economic Index (MEI). The MEI, an input price index for physician services that incorporates an adjustment for economywide labor productivity, has not undergone a major revision since 1975. The MEI is an important determinant of the annual volume performance standa...

in recent years, the issue of globalization has become the focus of researchers and policymakers. there are some indicators to measure and evaluate globalization in different countries. the kof index is the most famous index which measure three aspects of globalization: economic, political, and social. in this paper, the impact of globalization on the building human resource (bhr) among the 56 ...

In the context of globalization of economic development processes, the issue of determining the level of public welfare of economic agents is particularly burning. The object of ehis study is the process of assessing welfare of the economic entities system. The subject of the study is the instrumental and mathematical aspects of modeling and measuring the public welfare. The aim of the work is ...

Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are perceived as a catalyst for economic growth. Number of studies, carried out by worldand Europeanleading institutions such as Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) or European Commission, addresses this issue in their reports. (OECD, 2004), studies the influence and measures the impact of ICT on firms. The development o...

considering the importance of government fiscal policy (government spending and state tax income) in economy and its effectiveness in well-being of people, this paper examines the effects of fiscal policy on poverty during the period 1386-1363 in iran. in this paper, considering the fact that poverty changes can be divided to changes in economic growth and changes in income distribution; initia...

Opportunity inequality and its relationship with economic growth is a concept to which not enough attention has been paid in the previous studies. This study attempts to investigate the effects of opportunity inequality index on economic growth in 15 developing and 15 developed countries over the years 1995-2015. Accordingly, the mean group (MG) estimator within the framework of panel data was ...

This study investigates the relationship between globalization and income inequality by developing a new globalization index based on economic growth. In addition two other indices of globalization, non-parametric Kearney and parametric principal component analysis are used as benchmarks to compare the results. The proposed new index is decomposed into four sub components. The index is also est...