Quantifying the impacts of invasive species, relative to native analogues, is crucial for management and policy development. Two freshwater crayfish species global concern, Cherax quadricarinatus Procambarus clarkii , have established populations across Africa. Negative on biodiversity socioeconomic been documented in other continents; however, there a paucity information from Africa C. . To fi...

Ecological studies, which consider patient groups rather than individuals, are common in health policy research. The ‘ecological fallacy’ is a well-recognised methodological concern, but in this perspectives paper, we focus on less often appreciated but equally important limitations of such studies. In particular, we consider reliability and power as they apply to ecological studies, and make r...

Organisms have evolved under stable natural lighting regimes, employing cues from these to govern key ecological processes. However, the extent and density of artificial lighting within the environment has increased recently, causing widespread alteration of these regimes. Indeed, night-time electric lighting is known significantly to disrupt phenology, behaviour, and reproductive success, and ...

Although the ecological tradition tends to favour a substantive role for non-market institutions in securing objectives such as environmental sustainability, Green theorists have paid relatively little attention to the important challenge posed to such proposals by the promarket arguments of Austrian Economics. The methods of Ecological Economics, such as multiple criteria evaluation, offer imp...

www.sciencemag.org (this information is current as of February 2, 2009 ): The following resources related to this article are available online at http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/323/5910/133 version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/1162986/DC1 can be found at:...

introduction tourism is a process which has been existed with all its special forms from the ancient times so that the mental, cultural, social and economic demands of the human beings can be met. one of the growing branches of this industry is named as ecotourism. nowadays, tourism has become one of the main levers of economic and social development in many regions of the world. tourism in the...

The aims of this study were to investigate zinc content in the studied soils; evaluate the efficiency of geostatistics in presenting spatial variability of zinc in the soils; assess bioavailable forms of zinc in the soils and to assess soil-zinc binding ability; and to estimate the potential ecological risk of zinc in soils. The study was conducted in southern Poland, in the Malopolska Province...

High densities of Evechinus chloroticus are common in the rocky subtidal of outer Dusky Sound, Fiordland. Within this area, organisms are zonated into three habitats. These habitats are a shallow fucoid fringe; a mid-depth barren zone dominated by crustose forms (algae and sessile invertebrates) and devoid of most large algae; a deeper algal meadow where smaller herbaceous and turfing algae pre...

Global warming influences a series of ecological processes and ecosystems' stability. Although comprehensive studies have been done to investigate responses of various ecosystem processes to rising air temperatures, less is known about changes in soil temperatures and their impact on below-ground processes, particularly in deep layers. Herein, we used 50 y of temperature data (1962-2011) from 3...