The Southwest Mountainous region of the eastern Himalayas is a hotspot with extraordinarily high biodiversity and endemism, but the processes that have driven this unique diversity are largely unknown. We evaluated processes that have contributed to the current observed high genetic diversity in this region by integrating comparative phylogeography with ecological niche modeling in a study of t...

background it has been shown that trend of achieving to millennium development goal 4 (mdg 4), varies by region and between countries, indicating the possibility of existing different barriers and/or facilitators. objectives this study aimed to evaluate the trend of under five mortality rate (u5mr), and infant mortality rate (imr) and explore the main challenges to reach mdg 4 by 2015. patients...

This paper offers a survey of current writing and practice within the area of Buddhist environmental ethics. Consideration of the manner in which sections of contemporary Buddhism have embraced a range of environmental concerns suggests that four fairly distinct types of discourse are in the process of formation, i.e., eco-spirituality, eco-justice, eco-traditionalism and eco-apologetics. This ...

Customer feedback is used to understand customer requirements. Early design phases require the consideration of items including manufacturing, the environment, and sustainability management. Therefore, it is crucial that eco-efficiency is taken into account in the early design phases. Traditionally, eco-efficiency is considered only in terms of eco-design issues, not customer requirements based...

We briefly present a synthesis of theoretical models in eco-epidemiology which merges the fields of ecology and epidemics. In particular we discuss the role of parasites/pathogens in community assembly formation and species coexistence, as well as the potential of biological control. Recent works have revealed that the complexity in parasite-mediated interactions can alter the dynamic behavior ...

scientists call pasture a natural eco-system and range is an agricultural eco-system. in this point of view although pasture that was full of plants growing by itself and not growing by human being (pirdashti, 2007; mohgadam, 2005) and two groups of living beings such as human being, plants, domesticated, and not living being like weather, wind, gradient which are effective in making of pasture...

The conflict over water and agricultural resources within the Sahel of Africa has led to destruction lives, property nature for decades. extant practice is label these conflicts with multiple names conceptualise them as single-issue events. This article illustrates this further highlights some issues associated such approaches. Existing terms in Africa’s region are primarily linked people’s occ...

Although the development of tourism has a positive impact on local employment and economic growth, high level energy consumption emissions generated by have also attracted increasing attention. Based concept eco-efficiency, this article constructs comprehensive evaluation system for eco-efficiency in China, study concludes that (1) China’s as whole was fluctuating upward trend from 2002 to 2018...

Eco-efficiency is a tool for sustainability analysis that indicates how to carry out economic activities effectively. This paper assesses agricultural eco-efficiency using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the Theil index approach. Using basic data of 31 provinces in China during 2003–2013, we analyzed the agricultural eco-efficiency development level and spatial pattern in China. The results...