A 30-probe assay was developed for simultaneous classification of Listeria monocytogenes isolates by lineage (I to IV), major serogroup (4b, 1/2b, 1/2a, and 1/2c), and epidemic clone (EC) type (ECI, ECIa, ECII, and ECIII). The assay was designed to facilitate rapid strain characterization and the integration of subtype data into risk-based inspection programs.

Many aspects of ECI—its theory of action, its administrative structure, the incentives it created, and its strategy for inducing the state to take over financial responsibility—suggest lessons for future largescale private-public initiatives. This chapter discusses those lessons, presents some promising alternative models for the design of ECE initiatives, and addresses some of the public-polic...

AIM Comprising large areas of association cortex, the parietal lobe is part of an extensive synaptic network elaborately intertwined with other brain regions. We hypothesize that such widespread projections are responsible for producing inaccurate localisation readings on scalp EEG and clinical semiology in patients with parietal lobe epilepsies, as opposed to frontal or temporal lobe epilepsie...

The Electric Current Injection (ECI) method of nondestructive evaluation is applied to materials that are electrically conductive but not magnetically permeable, such as aluminum, magnesium, and titanium. It consists of detecting current-flow anomalies due to voids, nonmetallic inclusions and open cracks in the conducting material, through distortions introduced in the magnetic field generated ...

Evapotranspiration (ET) represents one of the essential processes controlling exchange energy by terrestrial vegetation, providing a strong connection between and water fluxes. Different methodologies have been developed in order to measure it at different spatial scales, ranging from individual plants an entire watershed. In last few years, several methods approaches based on remotely sensed d...

The naked mole rat (Heterocephalus glaber) displays exceptional longevity, with a maximum lifespan exceeding 30 years. This is the longest reported lifespan for a rodent species and is especially striking considering the small body mass of the naked mole rat. In comparison, a similarly sized housemouse has amaximum lifespan of 4 years. In addition to their longevity, nakedmole rats show an unus...

Denota-se a essencialidade dos direitos fundamentais, dispostos nos artigos primeiros da Constituição de 1988 pelo Poder constituinte originário. Todavia, despeito sua força normativa indiscutível, o juízo hipotético do dever ser não corresponde ao realidade fática. Assim, Supremo Tribunal Federal, na ADPF nº 347/DF, declarou Estado Coisas Inconstitucional (ECI) no sistema penitenciário brasile...

Indonesia dan Malaysia merupakan dua negara pemain utama di pasar internasional Crude Palm Oil (CPO). Seiring dengan meningkatnya permintaan global terhadap CPO, kedua tersebut memiliki peluang yang besar dalam pengembangan industri CPO baik bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi domestik maupun global. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbandingan daya saing ekspor antara selama periode tahun 199...