BACKGROUND The primary care out-of-hours (OOH) services in Norway are characterized by high contact rates by telephone. The telephone contacts are handled by local emergency medical communication centres (LEMCs), mainly staffed by registered nurses. When assessment by a medical doctor is not required, the nurse often handles the contact solely by nurse telephone counselling. Little is known abo...

Tympanic membrane is the partition between external ear and middle layer which a vital component of human ear. Neglected or maltreated earache, discharge trauma lead to perforation tympanic membrane. Tympanoplasty surgical procedure performed repair perforated membrane, with/without reconstruction ossicles, with aim preventing reinfection restoring hearing ability. Type 1 tympanoplasty simple c...

Background: Bilateral anterior nasal packing is often done after septal surgery for hemostatic reasons and mechanical splinting. It has been suggested that following a frequent cause of short term eustachian tube dysfunction such as ear fullness mild pain.
 Objectives: To evaluate the effect on middle pressure.
 Methods: For this prospective, longitudinal study, ninety-two (92) patien...

BACKGROUND Despite acute respiratory infections being a major cause of death among children in developing countries including India, there is a lack of community-based studies that document its burden and aetiology. METHODS A dynamic cohort of children aged 0-10 years was established in four villages in a north Indian state of Haryana from August 2012 onwards. Trained health workers conducted...

BACKGROUND Salmonella typhi may be a cause of significant morbidity and mortality in both the mother and fetus. Febrile illness during pregnancy, especially that associated with hemolysis, is associated with chorioamnionitis, pyelonephritis, or viral syndrome. As such, S. typhi should be considered when a patient presents with a fever and hemolysis. We present a case of S. typhi complicating pr...

Reprint requests to: H.J. Hoffman, MD, Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurosurgery, Room 1504, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada CASE HISTORY A female child, TK, was born January 12, 1965, and was initially admitted to the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, on January 13, 1972, at age seven years with a sevenday history of runny nose, earache, headache, and feve...

PURPOSE To investigate the correlation between noise in the work environment and auditory and extra-auditory symptoms referred by university professors. METHODS Eighty five professors answered a questionnaire about identification, functional status, and health. The relationship between occupational noise and auditory and extra-auditory symptoms was investigated. Statistical analysis considere...

Fever and pain in children, especially associated with infections, such as otitis media, are very common. In paediatric populations, ibuprofen and paracetamol (acetaminophen) are both commonly used over-the-counter medicines for the management of fever or mild-to-moderate pain associated with sore throat, otitis media, toothache, earache and headache. Widespread use of ibuprofen and paracetamol...

OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of pacifier use and whether this habit adversely affects the health of 6-month-old infants. DESIGN Data collected via self-completion questionnaires from mothers forming part of the prospective, population-based Avon Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood. METHODS The mothers of 10 950 infants gave information on their child's use of a pacifier at 4...

BACKGROUND Fever is common in children and often self-limiting, nevertheless antibiotics are frequently prescribed. We determined how often antibiotics were prescribed in children presenting with fever at a family physicians' out-of-hours service and established the children's signs and symptoms related to antibiotic prescriptions. PATIENTS Children aged 3 months to 6 years with fever as the ...