Economic variables are dynamic in nature. This paper uses a simultaneous equation model to assess the complexity of link between economic expansion and environmental deterioration ASEAN. The study examines how CO2 emissions, growth, public health initiatives, control factors interact using panel data from 2011 2020. population, amount forested land, use renewable energy, foreign investment, inf...

Time-varying volatility is common in macroeconomic data and has been incorporated into macroeconomic models in recent work. Dynamic panel data models have become increasingly popular in macroeconomics to study common relationships across countries or regions. This paper estimates dynamic panel data models with stochastic volatility by maximizing an approximate likelihood obtained via Rao-Blackw...

In the recent years, renewable energy sources are an important component of world energy consumption. GDP is one of the main measures of a country’s economic activity. Most of the studies examine the impact of renewable energy consumption on GDP with single equation model and the others use dynamic panel data. Since the Granger causality analysis’s findings of this paper establish bidirectional...

The most popular econometric models in the panel data literature are the class of linear panel data models with unobserved individualand/or time-specific effects. The consistency of parameter estimators and the validity of their economic interpretations as marginal effects crucially depend on the correct functional form specification of the linear panel data model. Based on an individual-specif...

Previous research on dynamic panel estimation has focused on panels that, unlike a typical panel of macroeconomic data, have small time dimensions and large individual dimensions. We use a Monte Carlo approach to investigate the performance of several different methods designed to reduce the bias of the estimated coefficients for the longer, narrower panels commonly found for macro data. We fin...