Digit string recognition is required in many applications such as automatic banking system, database information retrieving system, etc. In order to design a high performance recognizer, duration information is explored in this study. In a Mandarin connected digit recognizer, insertion and deletion errors amount to more than two thirds of the total recognition errors because there exist two mon...

a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t A challenge in building pervasive and smart spaces is to learn and recognize human activities of daily living (ADLs). In this paper, we address this problem and argue that in dealing with ADLs, it is beneficial to exploit both their typical duration patterns and inherent hierarchical structures. We exploit efficient duration modeling using the novel Coxian ...

A set of labeling criteria, C-ToBI (Chinese Tone and Break Index) was redefined to annotate the prosodic event in continuous speech in a hierarchical structure. There’re 4 layers, i.e., intonational phrase, intermediate phrase, word, and syllable layer. The prosodic structure and break index and stress index tiers represent the core prosodic events of an utterance. The stress index represents t...

A well-known unfavorable property of HMMs in speech recognition is their inappropriate representation of phone and word durations. This paper describes an approach to resolve this limitation by integrating explicit word duration models into an HMM-based speech recognizer. Word durations are represented by log-normal densities using a back-off strategy that approximates durations of words that h...

This paper reports on the construction of a model for segmental duration in German. The model predicts the durations of speech sounds in various textual, prosodic, and segmental contexts. It has been implemented in the German version of the Bell Labs text-tospeech system [18, 12]. The construction of the duration system was made efficient by the use of an interactive statistical analysis packag...

In this paper, we describe our duration model techniques in HMM based speech recognizer. With this approach, a large amount of deletion and insertion errors can be reduced in Mandarin continuous digits recognizer. We address a simple duration penalty function, which can be explicitly combined into Viterbi-Beam search with negligible incremental computation overload. Different parametric distrib...

Language and speech proficiency is considered to be an important factor to identify human beings. Though traditional studies on language and speech can reveal many aspects of their characteristics, we have not yet had a complete view of human’s language and speech ability. I believe that trans-disciplinary studies will enable us to have its scientific modeling. In this talk, I would like to int...

This paper makes an intensive study on the contextual modeling methods of duration information, for the purpose of improving the performance of pronunciation assessment and mispronunciation detection. The main ideas include: 1) we extend the relations among duration sequence with different level of contextual constraints, and bring them into a unified framework. 2) A backoff mechanism is introd...

Lithium containing droplet and cluster targets irradiated by laser pulses are proposed as prospective source of for soft x-ray lithography. Analytical model and simulations show that laser with repetition rate of several MHz with energy of several mJ and pulse duration 10 ps is required.

We show that according to the GRB internal shock model the pulse duration and the interval between neighboring pulses are correlated and have a similar distribution. We analyze a sample of bright long bursts and find that the pulses duration have a lognormal distribution while the intervals has an excess of long intervals (relative to lognormal distribution). This excess can be explained by the...