We studied components of male and female reproductive success in the fig, Ficus hirta from Guangdong Province, China. Specifically, we analyzed the composition and sex ratio of both pollinating (Blastophaga javana) and the two species of non-pollinating wasps associated with functionally male figs, as well as seed production in the functionally female figs. In male figs, a mean of 799 flowers p...

This Article contains typographical errors. In the Results section, " Very high calcium content appears within the pores (Figs 6a and 2b). " should read: " Very high calcium content appears within the pores (Figs 6a2b). " In the Discussion section, " Almost all pores were filled with calcium deposits (Figs 6a and 2b), which encourage bone growth 25. " should read: " Almost all pores were filled...

Nowadays, there is a general trend to increase fresh fruit consumption mainly due to their health properties. Different studies have demonstrated that figs are an important source of minerals and vitamins such as iron, calcium, potassium, thiamin and riboflavin [4]. Figs are free of sodium, fat and cholesterol; contain at least 17 amino acids and high concentrations of aspartic and glutamic aci...

a US Fish and Wildlife Service, Bozeman Fish Technology Center, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA b Montana State University, Department of Animal and Range Sciences, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA c USDA-ARS, Trout Grains Project, Bozeman Fish Technology Center, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA d ADM Research, 1001 N Brush College Road, Decatur, IL 62521, USA e USDA-ARS, Harry K. Dupree Stuttgart National Aquaculture Rese...

The intimate mutualism between fig wasps and figs has long captivated biologists, and new phylogenies are now uncovering its evolutionary history. Fig-pollinating wasps evolved just once, but fig parasitism has evolved repeatedly and convergently. Figs and their pollinators appear to have co-speciated considerably, but not invariably, because the famous one-to-one rule of specificity is often b...

Syconia of figs (Moraceae: Ficus spp.) harbour many wasp species, mostly belonging to several genera of chalcidoids (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). In contrast, only two genera of Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) with a few known species are found in syconia belonging to the subgenus Urostigma. The braconid fig wasps have an infrequent occurrence with low population density and are rarely ...

Souring of the figs was not noticed in the early part of the season, but began later to a limited extent when showers occurred. When the Smyrna figs ripen the ostiolum opens wide and remains open so that a match can easily be inserted and often moderate-sized insects can enter and feed on the sugar. Some of them are caught in the sticky sap and die within the fig. When the figs are ripe and fal...