severe overgrowth and tallness is very rare in human beings. the most common cause is gigantism due to the excessive secretion of the growth hormone, especially, before the closure of long bones’ epiphyseal growth plates. there are other rare disorders that are categorized on overgrowth syndromes. herein, we report an extremely rare, or even perhaps a unique, patient from iran. the clinical and...

Abell 2261 (A2661) is a well-studied fossil cluster, but previous studies give contradictory results on its dynamical states, such as X-ray central entropy and magnitude gap. To improve our understanding of state, we conduct multi-object spectroscopic observations with Hectospec the MMT, covering an area out to 5 virial radii from cluster center, get improved completeness membership. Using this...

macrophage activating syndrome (mas) is a life-threatening disease seen in autoimmune diseases including lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, still's disease, polyarteritis nodosa. it is characterized by fever, pancytopenia, liver failure, coagulopathy, and neurologic symptoms and high serum ferritin. a 27 yr. old female patient was admitted in shahid mostafa khomeini hospital (tehra...

primary immunodeficiencies (pid) are a group of disorders, characterized by an unusual susceptibility to infections. delay in diagnosis results in increased morbidity and mortality in affected patients. the purpose of this study was to determine the mortality rate of iranian immunodeficient patients referred to children medical center hospital affiliated to tehran university of medical sciences...

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superior vena cava (svc) syndrome is not an uncommon occurrence in patients with malignancy and it is often described as a medical emergency. in majority of the cases, svc syndrome occurs due to mechanical obstruction of the svc by extraluminal compression with primary intrathoracic malignancies. however, intraluminal obstruction due to thrombosis can also produce symptoms and signs of svc synd...

in this case report, we present the first diagnosed case of galloway- mowat syndrome in iran. a 7 month old infant boy with microcephaly that had prominently stunted head growth after birth, gastroesophageal reflux, multiple craniofascial characters, hypothyroidism and nephrotic syndrome diagnosed at 5 months of age associated with rapid decline in renal function and heavy proteinuria in 2 mont...

a female one month old with features supporting a diagnosis of neonatal progeroid syndrome(wrs)  presented to our neonatology section of gb pant children hospital srinagar .she had prenatal and post natal growth failure, generalized lipotrophy, triangular face, psedohydrocephalous, sparse scalp hair and eye brows, prominent scalp veins and greatly widened anterior fontenella.