Many problems can be presented in an abstract form through a wide range of binary objects and relations which are defined over problem’s domain. In these problems, graphical demonstration of defined binary objects and solutions is the most suitable representation approach. In this regard, graph drawing problem discusses the methods for transforming combinatorial graphs to geometrical drawings i...

Nowadays high-tonnage drawing presses need a controlled cushion so that the force is controlled during the drawing process. Although with a classic force control algorithm, consisting of a non-linear feedforward loop and a closed loop PID control, the results are normally quite good, there are times when tuning up is difficult and performance diminishes significantly at high rates. A new force ...

Context: Emergence is a term used to describe complex patterns or systems which are formed from very basic rules or agents. Once such example which has intrigued scientists across several fields has been ant colonies. Computer scientists are particularly interested in ant colonies as although each individual ant acts in a very simple manor, the ant colony as a whole is able to find shortest pat...

We describe a heuristic method for drawing graphs which uses a multilevel framework combined with a force-directed placement algorithm. The multilevel technique matches and coalesces pairs of adjacent vertices to define a new graph and is repeated recursively to create a hierarchy of increasingly coarse graphs, G0, G1, . . . , GL. The coarsest graph, GL, is then given an initial layout and the ...

Deep drawing is characterized by extremely complex deformation that influenced process characteristics such as die and punch shapes, blank shape, holding force, material properties, lubrication. The optimization of the deep a challenging issue due to complicated functions define relate parameters. However, essential enhance productivity product cost in process. In this paper, MATLAB toolbox (Pa...

metal forming processes, compared with machining ones, reduce production steps and increasemanufacturing speed in addition to saving raw material. in this paper, forming process of column ofa steering mechanism is investigated by finite element analyses and experimental tests; andoptimum die design parameters are found. forming process parameters including die opening angle,bearing length, clea...