BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In Iran, anaplasmosis is normally diagnosed with traditional Giemsa staining method. This is not applicable for identification of the carrier animals. The aim of this study was to compare the detection of Anaplasma marginale in two different numbers of microscopic fields (50 and 100) using conventional Giemsa staining method compared with the PCR-RFLP technique. MATE...

the product biofilm by e.coli strain can cause serious problem for human health. catheter is considered to be s suitable place for colonization of microorganisms, so that in %5-10 of patients who used catheter for only one day and also in all patients who used it for over 28 days, this colonization of bacteria is observed on catheter. this study is come out in order to compare biofilm formation...

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with subsequent restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis is often used for phytoplasma identification and classification. Although these techniques are very sensitive and specific, in some cases, nonspecific reactions, false positives and negatives results, as well as unusual or illegible profiles after RFLP analyses, amplification of plant host ́s...

PURPOSE To characterize methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains by molecular typing based on polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) of spa gene and to assess the utility of spa genotyping over bacteriophage typing in the discrimination of the strains. MATERIALS AND METHODS Studies were undertaken on 125 MRSA strains representing the mo...

The downside risk CAPM (DR-CAPM) can price the cross section of currency returns. The market-beta differential between high and low interest rate currencies is higher conditional on bad market returns, when the market price of risk is also high, than it is conditional on good market returns. Correctly accounting for this variation is crucial for the empirical performance of the model. The DR-CA...

atomizing of medicine into a series of separate problems, in which, as Jacopo frequently showed, equally opposed positions could be maintained with equal success. His successors faced with this impasse reverted to an ever closer scrutiny of the logical methods involved in reaching these conclusions. Dr Ottoson's conclusion goes far towards explaining the appeal in the sixteenth century of the c...